EpididymitisFoundation.org

1.Urethroplasty for anterior urethral strictures in a community-based urology practice. Chong YL, Toh KL. Int Urol Nephrol. 2007 Feb 22; Epub ahead of print.

2.Immune-related disease before and after vasectomy: an epidemiological database study. Goldacre MJ, Wotton CJ, Seagroatt V, Yeates D. Hum Reprod. 2007 Feb 6; Epub ahead of print.

3.Frequency of Y chromosome microdeletions andchromosomal abnormalities in infertile Thai men with oligozoospermiaand azoospermia. Vutyavanich T, Piromlertamorn W, Sirirungsi W, Sirisukkasem S. Asian J Androl. 2007 Jan;9(1):68-75.

4.Ectopia vasa deferentia inguinal hernia, vesicourteric reflux, imperforate anus, and recto-vesical fistula: a case report. Daradka I, Hazza I. Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl. 2006 Dec;17(4):572-5.

5.An exceptional complication following appendectomy: Acute inguinal and scrotal suppuration. Bingol-Kologlu M, Fedakar M, Yagmurlu A, Dindar H, Gokcora IH. Int Urol Nephrol. 2006;38(3-4):663-5.

6.Clinical findings, diagnostic approach, and outcome of Brucella melitensis epididymo-orchitis. Colmenero JD, Munoz-Roca NL, Bermudez P, Plata A, Villalobos A, Reguera JM. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis. 2006 Nov 30; Epub ahead of print.

7.Testicular torsion. Ringdahl E, Teague L. Am Fam Physician. 2006 Nov 15;74(10):1739-43. Review.

8.A case of granulomatous orchitis. Tomita Y, Nemoto K. Hinyokika Kiyo. 2006 Oct;52(10):817-8. Japanese.

9.Brucella orchitis: a rare cause of testicular mass: report of a case. Hizli F, Uygur MC. Int Urol Nephrol. 2006 Dec;38(3-4):637-639. Epub 2006 Nov 18.

10.Severe outbreak of disease in the southern chamois (Rupicapra pyrenaica) associated with border disease virus infection. Marco I, Lopez-Olvera JR, Rosell R, Vidal E, Hurtado A, Juste R, Pumarola M, Lavin S. Vet Microbiol. 2007 Feb 25;120(1-2):33-41. Epub 2006 Oct 12.

11.Simple differentiation method of mumps Hoshino vaccinestrain from wild strains by reverse transcription loop-mediatedisothermal amplification (RT-LAMP). Yoshida N, Fujino M, Ota Y, Notomi T, Nakayama T. Vaccine. 2007 Jan 26;25(7):1281-6. Epub 2006 Oct 18.

12.Endoscopic treatment of vesicovasal and vesicoureteral reflux in infants with persisting mesonephric duct. Kajbafzadeh AM, Payabvash S. J Urol. 2006 Dec;176(6 Pt 1):2657-62.

13.Mumps orchitis. Masarani M, Wazait H, Dinneen M. J R Soc Med. 2006 Nov;99(11):573-5. Review.

14.Idiopathic granulomatous orchitis: pathologic study of one case. Martinez-Rodriguez M, Navarro Fos S, Soriano Sarrio P, Alcala-Santaella Casanova C, Ramos Soler D, Llombart Bosch A. Arch Esp Urol. 2006 Sep;59(7):725-7. Spanish.

15.Orchiepididymitis. Janier M, Dupin N, Derancourt Ch, Schmutz JL, Halioua B, Verraes-Derancourt S; Section MST de la SFD. Ann Dermatol Venereol. 2006 Aug-Sep;133(8-9 Pt 2):2S53. French.

16.Rapid diagnosis of Brucella epididymo-orchitis by real-time polymerase chain reaction assay in urine samples. Queipo-Ortuno MI, Colmenero JD, Munoz N, Baeza G, Clavijo E, Morata P. J Urol. 2006 Nov;176(5):2290-3.

17.Doppler sonography in diagnosis of the acute scrotum. Nikolic O, Lukac I. Med Pregl. 2006 Mar-Apr;59(3-4):111-7. English, Serbian.

18.Doppler sonography in testicular and scrotal imaging. Feole JB, Lee FT Jr. Curr Opin Urol. 1998 Mar;8(2):87-94.

19.Role of fine needle aspiration cytology in nonneoplastic testicular and scrotal lesions and male infertility. Handa U, Bhutani A, Mohan H, Bawa AS. Acta Cytol. 2006 Sep-Oct;50(5):513-7.

20.The direct medical cost of epididymitis and orchitis: evidence from a study of insurance claims. Gift TL, Owens CJ. Sex Transm Dis. 2006 Oct;33(10 Suppl):S84-8.

21.Evaluation of brucellosis patients in Trakya University Hospital. Aydoslu B, Celik AD, Kuloglu F, Tansel O, Akata F, Tugrul M. Mikrobiyol Bul. 2006 Jul;40(3):257-63. Turkish.

22.Clinical and laboratory features of mumps in hospitalized children in 2003-2004 epidemics. Kodz B, Domanski M, Wierzchowska A, Dzierka J, Oldak E. Przegl Epidemiol. 2006;60(2):299-305. Polish.

23.Diagnosis of isolated tuberculous orchitis by fine-needle aspiration cytology. Garbyal RS, Gupta P, Kumar S; Anshu. Diagn Cytopathol. 2006 Oct;34(10):698-700.

24.Two patients with mumps. van Brummelen SE, de Vries E, Schneeberger PM, van Binnendijk RS, Lestrade P, Wever PC. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 2006 Aug 5;150(31):1732-5. Dutch.

25.Patient-reported outcomes after inguinal herniorrhaphy. Hawn MT, Itani KM, Giobbie-Hurder A, McCarthy M Jr, Jonasson O, Neumayer LA. Surgery. 2006 Aug;140(2):198-205.

26.Color Doppler ultrasonography as a routine clinical examination in male infertility. Sakamoto H, Saito K, Shichizyo T, Ishikawa K, Igarashi A, Yoshida H. Int J Urol. 2006 Aug;13(8):1073-8.

27.Lesions of the male breast. Reiner-Concin A. Verh Dtsch Ges Pathol. 2004;88:165-9. German.

28.Long-term followup of patients after redo bladder neck reconstruction for bladder exstrophy complex. Burki T, Hamid R, Duffy P, Ransley P, Wilcox D, Mushtaq I. J Urol. 2006 Sep;176(3):1138-41; discussion 1141-2.

29.Fine needle aspiration of epididymal nodules in Chandigarh, north India: an audit of 228 cases. Gupta N, Rajwanshi A, Srinivasan R, Nijhawan R. Cytopathology. 2006 Aug;17(4):195-8.

30.Electro-orchidogram: a non-invasive diagnostic tool in testicular pathologies. Shafik A, El-Sibal O, Shafik I. Med Sci Monit. 2006 Aug;12(8):MT51-5. Epub 2006 Jul 12.

31.Management of acute scrotum in children--the impact of Doppler ultrasound. Schalamon J, Ainoedhofer H, Schleef J, Singer G, Haxhija EQ, Hollwarth ME. J Pediatr Surg. 2006 Aug;41(8):1377-80.

32.The predominance of one of the SR-BI isoforms isassociated with increased esterified cholesterol levels not apoptosisin mink testis. Akpovi CD, Yoon SR, Vitale ML, Pelletier RM. J Lipid Res. 2006 Oct;47(10):2233-47. Epub 2006 Jul 21.

33.Orchitis. Hanai T, Terachi T. Nippon Rinsho. 2006 Jun 28;Suppl 2:296-7. Review. Japanese.

34.Brucella epididymo-orchitis: a consideration in endemic area. Al-Tawfiq JA. Int Braz J Urol. 2006 May-Jun;32(3):313-5.

35.Meconium periorchitis. Kalra P, Radhakrishnan J. Urology. 2006 Jul;68(1):202. Epub 2006 Jun 27.

36.Fine needle aspiration cytology of tubercular epididymitis and epididymo-orchitis. Sah SP, Bhadani PP, Regmi R, Tewari A, Raj GA. Acta Cytol. 2006 May-Jun;50(3):243-9.

37.Tubercular scrotal disease. Geisinger KR. Acta Cytol. 2006 May-Jun;50(3):241-2.

38.Aortic angiosarcoma clinically mimicking polyarteritis nodosa. Sparsa A, Liozon E, Wechsler J, Soria P, Delage-Core M, Loustaud V, Bedane C, Bonnetblanc JM, Vidal E. Scand J Rheumatol. 2006 May-Jun;35(3):237-40.

39.Epididymo-orchitis and testicular abscess caused by Salmonella enteritidis in immunocompromised patients in Kuwait. Al-Obeid K, Al Khalifan NN, Jamal W, Kehinde EO, Rotimi VO. Med Princ Pract. 2006;15(4):305-8.

40.Mumps--an underestimated disease. Duszczyk E, Krynicka-Czech B, Talarek E, Popielska J. Przegl Epidemiol. 2006;60(1):99-104. Polish.

41.Mumps--still actual epidemiological problem in Poland. Pogorzelska M, Oldak E, Sulik A. Przegl Epidemiol. 2005;59(4):841-9. Review. Polish.

42.Ultrasound of the scrotum. Stuckmann G. Schweiz Rundsch Med Prax. 2006 May 3;95(18):709-20. Review. German.

43.Effects of murine cytomegalovirus infection on sperm viability in mice. Xiong J, Xiong C, Tian Y, Hu L, Wei H. J Huazhong Univ Sci Technolog Med Sci. 2006;26(1):130-2.

44.Decrease of both stem cell factor and clusterin mRNAlevels in testicular biopsies of azoospermic patients with constitutiveor idiopathic but not acquired spermatogenic failure. Plotton I, Sanchez P, Durand P, Lejeune H. Hum Reprod. 2006 Sep;21(9):2340-5. Epub 2006 May 18.

45.Recurrent epididymo-orchitis in an 8-year-old child with Kostmann syndrome (severe congenital neutropenia). Celik U, Alabaz D, Kocabas E, Leblebisatan G. Ann Trop Paediatr. 2006 Jun;26(2):153-4.

46.Suprapubic prostatectomy with a novel catheter. Djaladat H, Mehrsai A, Saraji A, Moosavi S, Djaladat Y, Pourmand G. J Urol. 2006 Jun;175(6):2083-6.

47.Increased IL-18 levels in seminal plasma of infertile men with genital tract infections. Matalliotakis IM, Cakmak H, Fragouli Y, Kourtis A, Arici A, Huszar G. Am J Reprod Immunol. 2006 Jun;55(6):428-33.

48.Sonographic differential diagnosis of acute scrotum: real-time whirlpool sign, a key sign of torsion. Vijayaraghavan SB. J Ultrasound Med. 2006 May;25(5):563-74.

49.Clinical and epidemiologic assessment of a group of patients suffering from mumps, hospitalized in a 23 years period. Melinte L, Manole A, Teodorescu I, Pojar P. Rev Med Chir Soc Med Nat Iasi. 2005 Jul-Sep;109(3):623-7. Romanian.

50.Death receptor and mitochondrial pathways are involved in germ cell apoptosis in an experimental model of autoimmune orchitis. Theas MS, Rival C, Dietrich SJ, Guazzone VA, Lustig L. Hum Reprod. 2006 Jul;21(7):1734-42. Epub 2006 Apr 3.

51.Henoch-Schonlein purpura presenting with orchitis: a case report and review of the literature. Davol P, Mowad J, Mowad CM. Cutis. 2006 Feb;77(2):89-92. Review.

52.Torsion of the testicular appendix: importance of associated acute inflammation. Rakha E, Puls F, Saidul I, Furness P. J Clin Pathol. 2006 Aug;59(8):831-4. Epub 2006 Mar 28.

53.Xanthogranulomatous orchitis in an adult Nigerian. Salako AA, Olasode BJ, Eziyi AK, Osasan SA. Int J Urol. 2006 Feb;13(2):186-8.

54.Epididymo-orchitis caused by intravesically instillatedbacillus Calmette-Guerin: genetically proven using a multiplexpolymerase chain reaction method. Harada H, Seki M, Shinojima H, Miura M, Hirano T, Togashi M. Int J Urol. 2006 Feb;13(2):183-5.

55.Diseases, lesions and malformations in the long-beaked common dolphin Delphinus capensis from the Southeast Pacific. Van Bressem MF, Van Waerebeek K, Montes D, Kennedy S, Reyes JC, Garcia-Godos IA, Onton-Silva K, Alfaro-Shigueto J. Dis Aquat Organ. 2006 Jan 30;68(2):149-65.

56.Fibromatous periorchitis of testis. White WM, Hilsenbeck J, Waters WB. Urology. 2006 Mar;67(3):623.e15-6.

57.Establishment of an undifferential orchitis model in rats and changes of spermatogenic epithelium. Xue LY, Yin XL, Li J, Xiu HM, Wang GX. Zhonghua Nan Ke Xue. 2006 Feb;12(2):129-32. Chinese.

58.Rosai-Dorfman disease of the testis: an unusual entity that mimics testicular malignancy. Fernandopulle SM, Hwang JS, Kuick CH, Lui J, Tan PH, Siow WY, Wong M. J Clin Pathol. 2006 Mar;59(3):325-7.

59.Measles, mumps and rubella -- the urologist's perspective. Singh R, Mostafid H, Hindley RG. Int J Clin Pract. 2006 Mar;60(3):335-9. Review.

60.Misleading positioning of a Foley catheter balloon. Abadi S, Brook OR, Solomonov E, Fischer D. Br J Radiol. 2006 Feb;79(938):175-6.

61.Non germinal cell testicular tumors. Llarena Ibarguren R, Azurmendi Sastre V, Padilla Nieva J, Pertusa Pena C. Arch Esp Urol. 2005 Dec;58(10):1031-4. Spanish.

62.Treatment of patients with recurrent superficialbladder cancer with lyophilized Moureau-Rio de Janeiro BCG strain.Brazillian National Cancer Institute experience. Quirino R, Ornellas AA, Wisnescky A. Prog Urol. 2005 Sep;15(4):667-73. French.

63.Interleukin-6 and IL-6 receptor cell expression in testis of rats with autoimmune orchitis. Rival C, Theas MS, Guazzone VA, Lustig L. J Reprod Immunol. 2006 Jun;70(1-2):43-58. Epub 2006 Feb 3.

64.Development of testicular inflammation in the rat involves activation of proteinase-activated receptor-2. Iosub R, Klug J, Fijak M, Schneider E, Frohlich S, Blumbach K, Wennemuth G, Sommerhoff CP, Steinhoff M, Meinhardt A. J Pathol. 2006 Apr;208(5):686-98.

65.Role of testicular interleukin-1alpha tIL-1alpha in testicular physiology and disease. Amjad AI, Soder O, Sultana T. J Coll Physicians Surg Pak. 2006 Jan;16(1):55-60. Review.

66.Tuberculous orchiepididymitis and CNS complication. Miletic B, Morovic M, Tomic Z, Ticac B. Aktuelle Urol. 2006 Jan;37(1):67-8. German.

67.Testicular torsion in the pediatric age group: diagnosis and treatment. Livne PM, Sivan B, Karmazyn B, Ben-Meir D. Pediatr Endocrinol Rev. 2003 Dec;1(2):128-33.

68.Case 91: Tuberculous Epididymo-orchitis. Muttarak M, Peh WC. Radiology. 2006 Feb;238(2):748-51.

69.Identification of a dendritic cell population in normaltestis and in chronically inflamed testis of rats with autoimmuneorchitis. Rival C, Lustig L, Iosub R, Guazzone VA, Schneider E, Meinhardt A, Fijak M. Cell Tissue Res. 2006 May;324(2):311-8. Epub 2006 Jan 24.

70.Sonography of the acute scrotum: the four T's of testicular imaging. Wittenberg AF, Tobias T, Rzeszotarski M, Minotti AJ. Curr Probl Diagn Radiol. 2006 Jan-Feb;35(1):12-21. Review.

71.A complication of brucellosis: epididymoorchitis. Akinci E, Bodur H, Cevik MA, Erbay A, Eren SS, Ziraman I, Balaban N, Atan A, Ergul G. Int J Infect Dis. 2006 Mar;10(2):171-7. Epub 2005 Dec 19.

72.Brucella epididymo-orchitis. Lopez Rodriguez R, Arias Rivas S, Gonzalez Barbarro E, Martinez Rey C, Alende Sixto MR. An Med Interna. 2005 Aug;22(8):400. Spanish.

73.Mumps orchitis in the non-immune postpubertal male: a resurgent threat to male fertility?. Philip J, Selvan D, Desmond AD. BJU Int. 2006 Jan;97(1):138-41.

74.The management of mumps orchitis. Lane TM, Hines J. BJU Int. 2006 Jan;97(1):1-2.

75.Pathomechanism of autoimmune orchitis. Rival C, Guazzone VA, Theas MS, Lustig L. Andrologia. 2005 Dec;37(6):226-7.

76.Transgenic mice expressing p450 aromatase as a model for male infertility associated with chronic inflammation in the testis. Li X, Strauss L, Kaatrasalo A, Mayerhofer A, Huhtaniemi I, Santti R, Makela S, Poutanen M. Endocrinology. 2006 Mar;147(3):1271-7. Epub 2005 Nov 23.

77.Failure to diagnose: renal disease. Bird S. Aust Fam Physician. 2005 Nov;34(11):975-6.

78.Spermatic granuloma presenting as an epididymal nodule: fine needle aspiration cytological findings and differential diagnosis. Kumar V, Gupta N, Srinivasan R, Nijhawan R, Rajwanshi A. Indian J Pathol Microbiol. 2004 Oct;47(4):509-10.

79.Brucella orchyoepididymitis: case report. PerezFentes D, Blanco Parra M, Alende Sixto M, Grille Jose L, CimadevilaGarcia A, Toucedo Caamano V, Lamas Cederron P, Villar Nunez M. Arch Esp Urol. 2005 Sep;58(7):674-7. Review. Spanish.

80.Brucella epididymoorchitis. Elaldi A, Erol O, Agalar C. Minerva Urol Nefrol. 2005 Dec;57(4):345.

81.Orchitis: a complication of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). Xu J, Qi L, Chi X, Yang J, Wei X, Gong E, Peh S, Gu J. Biol Reprod. 2006 Feb;74(2):410-6. Epub 2005 Oct 19.

82.Comparison of brucella and non-specific epididymorchitis: gray scale and color Doppler ultrasonographic features. Ozturk A, Ozturk E, Zeyrek F, Onur K, Sirmatel O, Kat N. Eur J Radiol. 2005 Nov;56(2):256-62.

83.Human brucellosis in Northern Saudi Arabia. Fallatah SM, Oduloju AJ, Al-Dusari SN, Fakunle YM. Saudi Med J. 2005 Oct;26(10):1562-6.

84.Epididymoorchitis due to brucellosis in central Anatolia, Turkey. Yetkin MA, Erdinc FS, Bulut C, Tulek N. Urol Int. 2005;75(3):235-8.

85.Unusual clinical presentations of brucellosis. Turksoy O, Tokgoz H, Toparli S. Scand J Infect Dis. 2005;37(10):784.

86.Testicular swelling with pneumonia and septicaemia: a rare presentation of right-sided endocarditis. Muthukumaran CS, Govindaraj PR, Vettukattil J. Cardiol Young. 2005 Oct;15(5):532-3.

87.Gray-scale and color Doppler sonography of scrotal disorders in children: an update. Aso C, Enriquez G, Fite M, Toran N, Piro C, Piqueras J, Lucaya J. Radiographics. 2005 Sep-Oct;25(5):1197-214.

88.Influence of bladder management on epididymo-orchitisin patients with spinal cord injury: clean intermittent catheterizationis a risk factor for epididymo-orchitis. Ku JH, Jung TY, Lee JK, Park WH, Shim HB. Spinal Cord. 2006 Mar;44(3):165-9.

89.Cysts of the ejaculatory system: a report of two cases. Yanai T, Okazaki T, Yamataka A, Urao M, Kobayashi H, Kato Y, Lane GJ, Miyano T. Pediatr Surg Int. 2005 Nov;21(11):939-42.

90.Immune privilege and inflammation of the testis. Schuppe HC, Meinhardt A. Chem Immunol Allergy. 2005;88:1-14. Review.

91.Tissue microcircumstances for leukocytic infiltration into the testis and epididymis in mice. Itoh M, Terayama H, Naito M, Ogawa Y, Tainosho S. J Reprod Immunol. 2005 Oct;67(1-2):57-67. Epub 2005 Aug 18. Review.

92.Identification of immunodominant autoantigens in rat autoimmune orchitis. Fijak M, Iosub R, Schneider E, Linder M, Respondek K, Klug J, Meinhardt A. J Pathol. 2005 Oct;207(2):127-38.

93.Malignant tumor of testis imitating epididymo-orchitis. Kao HW, Wu CJ, Chen CY, Sun GH, Lee SS, Peng YJ. Arch Androl. 2005 Sep-Oct;51(5):407-11.

94.Simultaneous choroidal tuberculoma and epididymo-orchitis caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Gupta V, Gupta A, Arora S, Sachdeva N, Bambery P. Am J Ophthalmol. 2005 Aug;140(2):310-2.

95.Discordance between trends in chlamydia notificationsand hospital admission rates for chlamydia related diseases in NewSouth Wales, Australia. Chen MY, Fairley CK, Donovan B. Sex Transm Infect. 2005 Aug;81(4):318-22.

96.Testicular torsion in a 68-year-old man. Davol P, Simmons J. Urology. 2005 Jul;66(1):195.

97.Suppurative epididymo-orchitis and chronic prostatitis caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei: a case report and review. Demar M, Ferroni A, Dupont B, Eliaszewicz M, Bouree P. J Travel Med. 2005 Mar-Apr;12(2):108-12. Review.

98.Idiopathic granulomatous epididymo-orchitis: sonographic appearance. Mogensen M, Nino-Murcia M. J Ultrasound Med. 2005 Jul;24(7):1007-10.

99.Audit on the management of epididymo-orchitis by the Department of Urology in Edinburgh. Manavi K, Turner K, Scott GR, Stewart LH. Int J STD AIDS. 2005 May;16(5):386-7.

100.Primary testicular actinomycosis mimicking metastatic tumor. Lin CY, Jwo SC, Lin CC. Int J Urol. 2005 May;12(5):519-21.

101.Orchitis as an unusual manifestation of human African trypanosomiasis. Ehrhardt S, Lippert U, Burchard GD, Sudeck H. J Infect. 2006 Jan;52(1):e31-3. Epub 2005 Jun 3.

102.Naturally occurring anti-Jk(a). Kim HH, Park TS, Lee W, Lee SD, Kim HO. Transfusion. 2005 Jun;45(6):1043-4.

103.Adeno-associated virus-mediated human IL-10 gene transfer suppresses the development of experimental autoimmune orchitis. Watanabe M, Kashiwakura Y, Kusumi N, Tamayose K, Nasu Y, Nagai A, Shimada T, Daida H, Kumon H. Gene Ther. 2005 Jul;12(14):1126-32.

104.Tc-99m polyclonal human immunoglobulin scintigraphy in brucellosis. Kadanali A, Varoglu E, Kerek M, Tasyaran MA. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2005 Jun;11(6):480-5. Erratum in: Clin Microbiol Infect. 2005 Aug;11(8):686.

105.Regulatory cytokine expression and interstitial fluidformation in the normal and inflamed rat testis are under leydig cellcontrol. Hedger M, Klug J, Frohlich S, Muller R, Meinhardt A. J Androl. 2005 May-Jun;26(3):379-86.

106.Involvement of CD44 in leukocyte recruitment to the rat testis in experimental autoimmune orchitis. Guazzone VA, Denduchis B, Lustig L. Reproduction. 2005 May;129(5):603-9.

107.Mumps meningitis: a case mix in a Neurology Department. Jimenez-Caballero PE, Servia M, Mondejar-Marin B, Navarro S, Perez-Martinez I, Marsal-Alonso C, Alvarez-Tejerina A. Rev Neurol. 2005 Apr 1-15;40(7):420-2. Spanish.

108.Acute scrotum -- etiology and management. Cavusoglu YH, Karaman A, Karaman I, Erdogan D, Aslan MK, Varlikli O, Cakmak O. Indian J Pediatr. 2005 Mar;72(3):201-3.

109.Painless scrotal swelling: ultrasonographical features with pathological correlation. Muttarak M, Chaiwun B. Singapore Med J. 2005 Apr;46(4):196-201; quiz 202.

110.Epididymo-orchitis and testicular abscess due to Nocardia asteroides complex. Routh JC, Lischer GH, Leibovich BC. Urology. 2005 Mar;65(3):591. Review.

111.Epidemiology and causes of autoimmune male infertility. Bozhedomov VA, Teodorovich OV. Urologiia. 2005 Jan-Feb;(1):35-44. Russian.

112.Multifocal tuberculosis with epididymitis and orchitis in an HIV negative patient. Diop BM, Soumare M, Manga NM, Niang EH, Badiane M. Dakar Med. 2002;47(2):147-50. French.

113.Urologic diseases in america project: trends in resource use for urinary tract infections in men. Griebling TL. J Urol. 2005 Apr;173(4):1288-94.

114.Recto-seminal fistula and cancer of the rectum. Roupret M, Varkarakis J, Valverde A, Sebe P. Prog Urol. 2004 Dec;14(6):1219-20. Review. French.

115.Urethrovasocutaneous fistula in a case of anterior urethral stricture. Singh SK, Rai RS, Sharma SK. Urol Int. 2005;74(1):86-8.

116.Early-onset Escherichia coli sepsis presenting as acute scrotum in preterm infant. Chiang MC, Wang TM, Fu RH, Chu SM, Chou YH. Urology. 2005 Feb;65(2):389.

117.Epidemiology of male breast cancer. Weiss JR, Moysich KB, Swede H. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2005 Jan;14(1):20-6. Review.

118.Late occurrence of bilateral tuberculous-likeepididymo-orchitis after intravesical bacille Calmette-Guerin therapyfor superficial bladder carcinoma. Falkensammer C, Gozzi C, Hager M, Maier H, Bartsch G, Holtl L, Rehder P. Urology. 2005 Jan;65(1):175.

119.Brucellar orchiepididymitis. Alapont Alacreu JM, Gomez Lopez L, Delgado F, Palmero Marti JL, Pacheco Bru JJ, Pontones Moreno JL, Jimenez Cruz JF. Actas Urol Esp. 2004 Nov-Dec;28(10):774-6. Spanish.

120.Epidemiological features and clinical manifestations in 469 adult patients with brucellosis in Babol, Northern Iran. Hasanjani Roushan MR, Mohrez M, Smailnejad Gangi SM, Soleimani Amiri MJ, Hajiahmadi M. Epidemiol Infect. 2004 Dec;132(6):1109-14.

121.Ultrasound of the scrotum. Akin EA, Khati NJ, Hill MC. Ultrasound Q. 2004 Dec;20(4):181-200. Review.

122.Elevated serum C-reactive protein in mumps orchitis. Niizuma T, Terada K, Kosaka Y, Daimon Y, Inoue M, Ogita S, Kataoka N, Tanaka K. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2004 Oct;23(10):971.

123.Characterization of signaling pathways leading to Fas expression induced by TNF-alpha: pivotal role of NF-kappaB. Starace D, Riccioli A, D'Alessio A, Giampietri C, Petrungaro S, Galli R, Filippini A, Ziparo E, De Cesaris P. FASEB J. 2005 Mar;19(3):473-5. Epub 2004 Dec 15.

124.Acute epididymo-orchitis in an undescended testicle. Overstall S, Cunnick GH, Raja J. Int J Clin Pract. 2004 Oct;58(10):985-7.

125.The spectrum of colovesical fistula and diagnostic paradigm. Najjar SF, Jamal MK, Savas JF, Miller TA. Am J Surg. 2004 Nov;188(5):617-21.

126.Male infertility: risk factors in Mongolian men. Bayasgalan G, Naranbat D, Radnaabazar J, Lhagvasuren T, Rowe PJ. Asian J Androl. 2004 Dec;6(4):305-11.

127.Clinical predictors for differential diagnosis of acute scrotum. Ciftci AO, Senocak ME, Tanyel FC, Buyukpamukcu N. Eur J Pediatr Surg. 2004 Oct;14(5):333-8.

128.Tuberculous orchitis in chronic renal failure. Alper M, Balbay O, Akman Y, Arbak P, Cam K. Med J Malaysia. 2004 Mar;59(1):118-9.

129.The use of totally extraperitoneal endoscopic hernioplasty for the treatment of groin hernia. Inukai M, Usui Y, Nomura S. Surg Today. 2004;34(11):932-6.

130.Mast cells in testicular lesions. Kollur SM, Pattankar VL, El Hag IA. Ups J Med Sci. 2004;109(3):239-45.

131.Clinical and sonographic criteria of acute scrotum in children: a retrospective study of 172 boys. Karmazyn B, Steinberg R, Kornreich L, Freud E, Grozovski S, Schwarz M, Ziv N, Livne P. Pediatr Radiol. 2005 Mar;35(3):302-10. Epub 2004 Oct 16.

132.Genito-scrotal pathology in the boy and in the man. Mure PY, Ruffion A, Mouriquand P. Rev Prat. 2004 Jun 15;54(11):1249-57. Review. French.

133.Community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus prostatic abscess. Baker SD, Horger DC, Keane TE. Urology. 2004 Oct;64(4):808-10.

134.Orchitis in two dogs with Rocky Mountain spotted fever. Ober CP, Spaulding K, Breitschwerdt EB, Malarkey DE, Hegarty BC. Vet Radiol Ultrasound. 2004 Sep-Oct;45(5):458-65.

135.Pseudomonas orchitis in puberty. Rajagopal AS. Int J STD AIDS. 2004 Oct;15(10):707-8.

136.X-linked chronic granulomatous disease: first report of mutations in patients of Argentina. Barese C, Copelli S, Zandomeni R, Oleastro M, Zelazko M, Rivas EM. J Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 2004 Oct;26(10):656-60.

137.Unusual clinical presentations of brucellosis. Hatipoglu CA, Yetkin A, Ertem GT, Tulek N. Scand J Infect Dis. 2004;36(9):694-7.

138.Brucellosis in captive Rocky Mountain bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis) caused by Brucella abortus biovar 4. Kreeger TJ, Cook WE, Edwards WH, Cornish T. J Wildl Dis. 2004 Apr;40(2):311-5.

139.Experimentally induced orchitis associated withArcanobacterium pyogenes: clinical, ultrasonographic, seminological andpathological features. Gouletsou PG, Fthenakis GC, Cripps PJ, Papaioannou N, Lainas T, Psalla D, Amiridis GS. Theriogenology. 2004 Oct 1;62(7):1307-28.

140.Extended venous thrombosis in Adamantiades-Behcet's disease. Zouboulis CC. Eur J Dermatol. 2004 Jul-Aug;14(4):268-71.

141.Seminomas with exclusive intertubular growth: a report of 12 clinically and grossly inconspicuous tumors. Henley JD, Young RH, Wade CL, Ulbright TM. Am J Surg Pathol. 2004 Sep;28(9):1163-8.

142.Testicular ultrasound. Blaivas M, Brannam L. Emerg Med Clin North Am. 2004 Aug;22(3):723-48, ix. Review.

143.Enlargement and hypervascularity of both the epididymis and testis do not exclude involvement with lymphoma or leukemia. Ishigami K, Yousef-Zahra DM, Abu-Yousef MM. J Clin Ultrasound. 2004 Sep;32(7):365-9.

144.The role of imaging in urinary tract infections. Johansen TE. World J Urol. 2004 Nov;22(5):392-8. Epub 2004 Jul 29. Review.

145.Xanthogranulomatous orchitis with scrotal fistulas. Demirci D, Ekmekcioglu O, Soyuer I, Emirdogan M. Int J Urol. 2004 Aug;11(8):686-8.

146.Relapse of brucellosis simulating testis tumor. Kocak I, Dundar M, Culhaci N, Unsal A. Int J Urol. 2004 Aug;11(8):683-5.

147.Xanthogranulomatous funiculitis and orchiepididymitis: report of 2 cases with immunohistochemical study and literature review. Nistal M, Gonzalez-Peramato P, Serrano A, Regadera J. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2004 Aug;128(8):911-4. Review.

148.Standard versus hydrophilic catheterization in the adjuvant treatment of patients with superficial bladder cancer. Cindolo L, Palmieri EA, Autorino R, Salzano L, Altieri V. Urol Int. 2004;73(1):19-22.

149.Inguinal hernia in the elderly. Indications, techniques, results. Garavello A, Manfroni S, Antonellis D. Minerva Chir. 2004 Jun;59(3):271-6. Italian.

150.Addisonian crisis and tuberculous epididymo-orchitis. Kon YC, Sokoloff M, Straus FH 2nd, Weiss RE. Endocr Pract. 2002 Sep-Oct;8(5):365-9.

151.Diagnosis of Henoch-Schonlein purpura by sonography andradionuclear scanning in a child presenting with bilateral acutescrotum. Huang LH, Yeung CY, Shyur SD, Lee HC, Huang FY, Wang NL. J Microbiol Immunol Infect. 2004 Jun;37(3):192-5.

152.Characteristics of testicular lesions in mice infected with a low dose of encephalomyocarditis (EMC) virus. Yamanouchi-Ueno A, Nakayama Y, Doi K. Exp Mol Pathol. 2004 Aug;77(1):72-6.

153.Sonographic findings in tuberculous epididymo-orchitis. Turkvatan A, Kelahmet E, Yazgan C, Olcer T. J Clin Ultrasound. 2004 Jul-Aug;32(6):302-5.

154.Epididymo-orchitis as the first manifestation of tuberculous reactivation. Diaz M, Vidal A, Iglesias E, Zabala S, Lerin FJ, Gascon A. An Med Interna. 2004 May;21(5):254-5. Spanish.

155.Penile and testicular disorders. Wren T. Nurs Clin North Am. 2004 Jun;39(2):319-26. Review.

156.Morphological changes in testicular tissue in clean-up personnel after the Chernobyl nuclear reactor accident. Cheburakov BIu, Cheburakov SIu, Belozerov NIu. Arkh Patol. 2004 Mar-Apr;66(2):19-21. Russian.

157.Acute painful scrotum. Dogra V, Bhatt S. Radiol Clin North Am. 2004 Mar;42(2):349-63. Review.

158.Laparoscopic appendectomy in children can be done as a fast-track or same-day surgery. Grewal H, Sweat J, Vazquez WD. JSLS. 2004 Apr-Jun;8(2):151-4.

159.Tuberculous epididymo-orchitis presenting within the setting of a sexually transmitted disease clinic. Chen F, Brook G, Williams G, Murphy S. Sex Transm Dis. 2004 Mar;31(3):163-5.

160.Tuberculous orchiepididymitis diagnosed by nucleic acid amplification test: a case report. Barisic Z, Vrsalovic-Carevic N, Milostic K, Alfirevic D, Babic-Erceg A, Borzic E, Zoranic V, Kaliterna V, Carev M. Int Urol Nephrol. 2003;35(2):203-5.

161.The contractile wall of the caput epididymidis in men affected by congenital or postinflammatory obstructive azoospermia. PelliccioneF, Cordeschi G, Giuliani V, D'Abrizio P, Necozione S, Negri L, ManciniM, Sagone P, Francavilla F, Colpi GM, Francavilla S. J Androl. 2004 May-Jun;25(3):417-25.

162.The acute, nontraumatic scrotum: assessment, diagnosis, and management. Cole FL, Vogler R. J Am Acad Nurse Pract. 2004 Feb;16(2):50-6. Review.

163.Metastatic appendiceal adenocarcinoma presenting late as epididymo-orchitis: a case report and review of literature. Kulkarni S, Coup A, Kershaw JB, Buchholz NP. BMC Urol. 2004 Mar 4;4:1. Review.

164.Mumps epididymo-orchitis with prolonged detection of virus in semen and the development of anti-sperm antibodies. Jalal H, Bahadur G, Knowles W, Jin L, Brink N. J Med Virol. 2004 May;73(1):147-50.

165.The role of tumor necrosis factor-alpha andinterleukin-1 in the mammalian testis and their involvement intesticular torsion and autoimmune orchitis. Lysiak JJ. Reprod Biol Endocrinol. 2004 Mar 10;2:9. Review.

166.Pseudoneoplastic form of Chlamydia trachomatis epididymo-orchitis: a case report. Kessler E, Paulhac P, Delcleve-Paulhac S, Colombeau P, Dumas JP. Prog Urol. 2003 Dec;13(6):1392-3. French.

167.Testicular torsion revisited. Mernagh JR, Caco C, De Maria J. Curr Probl Diagn Radiol. 2004 Mar-Apr;33(2):60-73.

168.The Rives technique (direct inguinal approach) in treatment of large inguino-scrotal and recurrent hernias. Zuvela M, Milicevic M, Lekic N, Raznatovic Z, Palibrk I, Bulajic P, Petrovic M, Basaric D, Galun D. Acta Chir Iugosl. 2003;50(2):37-48. Croatian.

169.West Nile virus encephalitis with myositis and orchitis. Smith RD, Konoplev S, DeCourten-Myers G, Brown T. Hum Pathol. 2004 Feb;35(2):254-8.

170.Epididymitis after prostate brachytherapy. Hoffelt SC, Wallner K, Merrick G. Urology. 2004 Feb;63(2):293-6.

171.Acute scrotum in Nigeria: an 18-year review. Mbibu NH, Maitama HY, Ameh EA, Khalid LM, Adams LM. Trop Doct. 2004 Jan;34(1):34-6.

172.Unusual presentation of life-threatening Toscana virus meningoencephalitis. Baldelli F, Ciufolini MG, Francisci D, Marchi A, Venturi G, Fiorentini C, Luchetta ML, Bruto L, Pauluzzi S. Clin Infect Dis. 2004 Feb 15;38(4):515-20. Epub 2004 Jan 30.

173.Genital manifestations of tropical diseases. Richens J. Sex Transm Infect. 2004 Feb;80(1):12-7. Review.

174.Xanthogranulomatous orchitis. Yap RL, Jang TL, Gupta R, Pins MR, Gonzalez CM. Urology. 2004 Jan;63(1):176-7. Review.

175.Critical validation of colour Doppler ultrasound in diagnostics of acute scrotum in children. Stehr M, Boehm R. Eur J Pediatr Surg. 2003 Dec;13(6):386-92.

176.Collapse and restoration of MHC class-I-dependent immune privilege: exploiting the human hair follicle as a model. Ito T, Ito N, Bettermann A, Tokura Y, Takigawa M, Paus R. Am J Pathol. 2004 Feb;164(2):623-34.

177.Intra-abdominal sepsis attenuates localinflammation-mediated increases in microvascular permeability at remotesites in mice in vivo. Ferri LE, Pascual J, Seely AJ, Giannias B, Christou NV. Surgery. 2004 Feb;135(2):187-95.

178.Meconium periorchitis. Herman TE, Siegel MJ. J Perinatol. 2004 Jan;24(1):53-5.

179.Orchi-epididymitis. Delavierre D. Ann Urol (Paris). 2003 Dec;37(6):322-38. Review. French.

180.Investigation and management of necrotising orchitis associated with a scrotal haematoma in a Texel ram. Sargison ND, Macrae AI, Scott PR, Baird P. Vet Rec. 2003 Dec 13;153(24):752-3.

181.Meconium periorchitis--a rare cause of a paratesticular mass. Williams HJ, Abernethy LJ, Losty PD, Kotiloglu E. Pediatr Radiol. 2004 May;34(5):421-3. Epub 2003 Dec 17.

182.Recurrent epididymo-orchitis caused by posterior urethral valve associated with imperforate anus. Shiraishi K, Takihara H. Int J Urol. 2004 Jan;11(1):58-60.

183.Brucella abortus epididymo-orchitis relapsing in theopposite testis 3 months after antibiotic therapy and development ofaspermia. Akinci E, Bodur H, Erbay C C, Deveer M. Int J Infect Dis. 2003 Dec;7(4):290-1.

184.Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1/CCL2) in experimental autoimmune orchitis. Guazzone VA, Rival C, Denduchis B, Lustig L. J Reprod Immunol. 2003 Dec;60(2):143-57.

185.Evaluation of color Doppler flow imaging in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of spermatic cord torsion. Zhou SG, Meng QX, Zhang ZY, Wang L, Gao JP. Zhonghua Nan Ke Xue. 2003 Oct;9(7):512-4. Chinese.

186.The effects of nitric oxide on the expression of celladhesion molecules (ICAM-1, UEA-1, and tenascin) in rats withunilateral testicular torsion. Ozturk H, Buyukbayram H, Ozdemir E, Ketani A, Gurel A, Onen A, Otcu S. J Pediatr Surg. 2003 Nov;38(11):1621-7.

187.35-year measles, mumps, rubella vaccination assessment in France. Reinert P, Soubeyrand B, Gauchoux R. Arch Pediatr. 2003 Nov;10(11):948-54. French.

188.Analysis of 508 infertile male patients insouth-western Finland in 1980-2000: hormonal status and factorspredisposing to immunological infertility. Verajankorva E, Laato M, Pollanen P. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2003 Dec 10;111(2):173-8.

189.HK-ATPase expression in the susceptible BALB/c and the resistant DBA/2 strains of mice to autoimmune gastritis. Canto E, Vidal S, Rodriguez-Sanchez JL. Autoimmunity. 2003 Aug;36(5):275-83.

190.Canine brucellosis--a case report. Nockler K, Kutzer P, Reif S, Rosenberger N, Draeger A, Bahn P, Gollner C, Erlbeck C. Berl Munch Tierarztl Wochenschr. 2003 Sep-Oct;116(9-10):368-72. German.

191.Effect of immunological orchitis on sperm specific enzyme and fertility. Chen L, Xia WP, Zhou ZH. Zhonghua Nan Ke Xue. 2003 Aug;9(5):344-6. Chinese.

192.Ambulatory vasectomy. Risks and complications. Leissner J, Reiher F, Bohm M, Allhoff EP. Urologe A. 2003 Aug;42(8):1029-34. German.

193.Impalpable testis cancer. Hindley RG, Chandra A, Saunders A, O'Brien TS. BJU Int. 2003 Oct;92(6):572-4.

194.Granulomatous orchitis mimicking Hodgkin's lymphoma relapse. Paydas S, Disel U, Yavuz S, Ergin M. Hematol J. 2003;4(5):370-1.

195.Scrotal ultrasonography. Part I: common non-cancerous pathologies. Roy C, Tuchmann C. J Radiol. 2003 May;84(5):581-95. French.

196.Proinflammatory effects of exogenously administered IL-10 in experimental autoimmune orchitis. Kaneko T, Itoh M, Nakamura Y, Iimura A, Hayashi S, Takahashi K, Stivala F, Bendtzen K, Nicoletti F. Cytokine. 2003 Apr;22(1-2):50-3.

197.Testicular sparganosis in a child from Uruguay. Sakamoto T, Gutierrez C, Rodriguez A, Sauto S. Acta Trop. 2003 Sep;88(1):83-6.

198.Epididymo-orchitis risk factors in traumatic spinal cord injured patients. Mirsadraee S, Mahdavi R, Moghadam HV, Ebrahimi MA, Patel HR. Spinal Cord. 2003 Sep;41(9):516-20.

199.Testicular microlithiasis and testicular cancer. OrtizGorraiz MA, Buitrago Sivianes S, Rodriguez Herrera F, Rosales Leal JL,Martinez Morcillo A, Vicente Prados FJ, Cozar Olmo JM, Espejo MaldonadoE, Tallada Bunuel M, Zilbermann S, Medina A. Arch Esp Urol. 2003 Jun;56(5):521-4. Spanish.

200.Hyperimmunoglobulinemia D and periodic fever syndrome(HIDS) in a child with normal serum IgD, but increased serum IgAconcentration. Saulsbury FT. J Pediatr. 2003 Jul;143(1):127-9.

201.Trichomonas vaginalis orchitis with associated severe oligoasthenoteratospermia and hypogonadism. Lloyd GL, Case JR, De Frias D, Brannigan RE. J Urol. 2003 Sep;170(3):924.

202.An unusual case of acute orchitis following aortic surgery. Motamed C, Yakhou L, Vodinh J, Kouyoumoudjian C, Dumerat M, Merle JC, Desgranges P, Duvaldestin P. Intensive Care Med. 2003 Sep;29(9):1609. Epub 2003 Aug 6.

203.Experimental inoculation of the adult rat testis with Sendai virus: effect on testicular morphology and leukocyte population. Melaine N, Ruffault A, Dejucq-Rainsford N, Jegou B. Hum Reprod. 2003 Aug;18(8):1574-9.

204.Urogenital infections in the male and the desire to father a child. Siebels M. MMW Fortschr Med. 2003 May 29;145(22):37-9. German.

205.The childless couple in the doctor's office. Andrological history. Kohn FM. MMW Fortschr Med. 2003 May 29;145(22):32-3. German.

206.Germ cell apoptosis in autoimmune orchitis: involvement of the Fas-FasL system. Theas S, Rival C, Lustig L. Am J Reprod Immunol. 2003 Aug;50(2):166-76.

207.Indirect electrochemical oxidation of blood in treating acute epididymitis. Kamalov AA, Danilkov AP, Shakir F, Naumov AG, Ivashchenko VV, Prokhorov AV. Urologiia. 2003 May-Jun;(3):20-4. Russian.

208.Tuberculous epididymo-orchitis following intravesical BCG for superficial bladder cancer. Bulbul MA, Hijaz A, Beaini M, Araj GF, Tawil A. J Med Liban. 2002 Jan-Apr;50(1-2):67-9.

209.Scrotal abscess originating from appendicitis: a case report. Lee YC, Wu WJ, Huang SP, Tsai HN, Chou YH, Huang CH. Kaohsiung J Med Sci. 2003 May;19(5):242-5.

210.Epididymo-orchitis and epididymitis: a review of causes and management of unusual forms. Hagley M. Int J STD AIDS. 2003 Jun;14(6):372-7; quiz 378. Review.

211.Epididymo-orchitis: a differential diagnosis for hip pain in patients with dementia. Praisoody A. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2000 Nov-Dec;1(6):282-3.

212.A case of epididymo-orchitis and paravertebral abscess due to brucellosis. Cesur S, Ciftci A, Sozen TH, Tekeli E. J Infect. 2003 May;46(4):251-3.

213.Epididymo-orchitis complicating Streptococcus pyogenes throat infection. van Hal SJ, Hardiman RP. Med J Aust. 2003 Jan 20;178(2):89.

214.Whipple's disease with destructive arthritis, abdominal lymphadenopathy, and central nervous system involvement. Dearment MC, Woodward TA, Menke DM, Brazis PW, Bancroft LW, Persellin ST. J Rheumatol. 2003 Jun;30(6):1347-50.

215.STAT3 ubiquitylation and degradation by mumps virus suppress cytokine and oncogene signaling. Ulane CM, Rodriguez JJ, Parisien JP, Horvath CM. J Virol. 2003 Jun;77(11):6385-93.

216.Diffuse fibrous pseudotumor of the testicular tunics associated with an inflamed hydrocele. Seethala RR, Tirkes AT, Weinstein S, Tomaszewski JE, Malkowicz SB, Genega EM. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2003 Jun;127(6):742-4.

217.Autoimmune testicular vasculitis. Raj GV, Ellington KS, Polascik TJ. Urology. 2003 May;61(5):1035.

218.Index of suspicion. No authors listed. Pediatr Rev. 2003 May;24(5):171-9.

219.MUMPS. Takita S. Nippon Rinsho. 2003 Feb;61 Suppl 2:271-5. Review. Japanese.

220.Endemic brucellar epididymo-orchitis: a 10-year experience. Papatsoris AG, Mpadra FA, Karamouzis MV, Frangides CY. Int J Infect Dis. 2002 Dec;6(4):309-13.

221.Diagnosis and follow-up of acute bacterial prostatitis and orchiepididymitis detected by In-111-labeled leukocyte imaging. Mateos JJ, Lomena F, Velasco M, Horcajada JP, Ortega M, Fuertes S, Pons F. Clin Nucl Med. 2003 May;28(5):403-4.

222.Are live kidney donors at risk?. Kamran T, Zaheer K, Hussain SW, Zahid KH, Akhtar MS. J Coll Physicians Surg Pak. 2003 Mar;13(3):153-6.

223.Tuberculous orchiepididymitis in patients with HIV infection. Presentation of three cases. Falco G, Roig P, Cuadrado JM, Perez L. Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin. 2003 Apr;21(4):216-7. Spanish.

224.Radiology case of the month. Does this patient have torsion? Epididymo-orchitis. Shore B, Neitzschman HR. J La State Med Soc. 2003 Jan-Feb;155(1):15-6.

225.Different scintigraphic patterns of testicular lesions on dual-phase tl-201 scan. Sun SS, Chuang FJ, Lin CY, Kao CH. Clin Nucl Med. 2003 Apr;28(4):353-4.

226.Sexually transmitted infections among prison inmates in a rural district of Malawi. Zachariah R, Harries AD, Chantulo AS, Yadidi AE, Nkhoma W, Maganga O. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2002 Nov-Dec;96(6):617-9.

227.Extra-salivatory glands manifestations of mumps--own observations. Kepa L, Oczko-Grzesik B, Stolarz W, Sobala-Szczygiel B. Przegl Epidemiol. 2002;56(3):391-8. Polish.

228.Involvement of tumor necrosis factor-alpha in the pathogenesis of autoimmune orchitis in rats. Suescun MO, Rival C, Theas MS, Calandra RS, Lustig L. Biol Reprod. 2003 Jun;68(6):2114-21. Epub 2002 Dec 27.

229.Progresses on macrophages of male reproductive tract. Li JJ, Wang T, Wang GX. Zhonghua Nan Ke Xue. 2002 Dec;8(6):449-51. Review. Chinese.

230.Idiopathic granulomatous hepatitis with bilateral orchiepididymitis and skin eruption. Rodriguez M, Montagud JB, Robert J, Mayol MJ, Merino J. Rev Med Chil. 2002 Nov;130(11):1273-6. Spanish.

231.A prospective study of 1000 hernias: results of the Plymouth Hernia Service. Kingsnorth AN, Bowley DM, Porter C. Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 2003 Jan;85(1):18-22.

232.Role of commensal bacteria in chronic experimental colitis: lessons from the HLA-B27 transgenic rat. Rath HC. Pathobiology. 2002-2003;70(3):131-8. Review.

233.Clinical analysis of the patients with mumps. Kausas A. Medicina (Kaunas). 2002;38(12):1179-82. Lithuanian.

234.Retrospective review of paediatric patients with acute scrotum. Mushtaq I, Fung M, Glasson MJ. ANZ J Surg. 2003 Jan-Feb;73(1-2):55-8.

235.Hatha Yoga therapy management of urologic disorders. Ripoll E, Mahowald D. World J Urol. 2002 Nov;20(5):306-9. Epub 2002 Oct 24. Review.

236.Primary carcinoid tumor of the testis: case report. Chang YH, Chuang CK, Wu CT, Ng KF, Liao SK. Chang Gung Med J. 2002 Oct;25(10):695-9.

237.Structural changes in the testes and epididymides of bucks 16 weeks after bilateral vasectomy. Batista M, Calero P, Rodriguez F, Gonzalez F, Cabrera F, Gracia A. Vet Rec. 2002 Dec 14;151(24):740-1.

238.Pathological and serological evidence of Brucella-infection in baleen whales (Mysticeti) in the western North Pacific. Ohishi K, Zenitani R, Bando T, Goto Y, Uchida K, Maruyama T, Yamamoto S, Miyazaki N, Fujise Y. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis. 2003 Mar;26(2):125-36.

239.The establishment of testicular fibrosis model in Wistar rats. Wang T, Ma YM, Xiu HM, Zhao QS, Sun HC, Xu Z, Ben CE. Zhonghua Nan Ke Xue. 2002;8(4):266-9. Chinese.

240.Diagnostic value of high frequency color Doppler ultrasonography for epididymitis. Chen XY, Long W, Fu WJ. Zhonghua Nan Ke Xue. 2002;8(2):115-6. Chinese.

241.Case report: brucellosis complicated by epididymo-orchitis and paravertebral abscess. Cesur S, Ciftci A, Sozen TH, Tekeli E. Mikrobiyol Bul. 2002 Jan;36(1):95-8. Turkish.

242.Painful skin nodules and epididymo-orchitis. Ling TC, Prescott RJ, Daly M. Arch Dermatol. 2002 Dec;138(12):1607-12.

243.Tuberculous prostato-rectal fistula. Rabii R, Fekak H, el Manni A, Joual A, Benjelloun S, el Mrini M. Prog Urol. 2002 Sep;12(4):684-6. French.

244.Mumps vaccine-associated acute orchitis with accompanying idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Horiguchi A, Uchida A. BJU Int. 2002 Dec;90(9):970.

245.Differential effect of neonatal thymectomy on systemic and organ-specific autoimmune disease. Bagavant H, Thompson C, Ohno K, Setiady Y, Tung KS. Int Immunol. 2002 Dec;14(12):1397-406.

246.Eleven years of experience with dialysis associated tuberculosis. Malik GH, Al-Harbi AS, Al-Mohaya S, Al-Khawajah H, Kechrid M, Al Hassan AO, Balbaid K, Shetia MS. Clin Nephrol. 2002 Nov;58(5):356-62.

247.The incidence and investigation of acute scrotal problems in children. McAndrew HF, Pemberton R, Kikiros CS, Gollow I. Pediatr Surg Int. 2002 Sep;18(5-6):435-7. Epub 2002 Jul 12.

248.Functional changes and structural features of the testis in patients after acute parotid orchitis. Solov'ev AA, Astrakhantsev AF, Aristarkhov VG, Siniakov VF. Urologiia. 2002 Sep-Oct;(5):8-9. Russian.

249.Peri-testicular fibromatosis (testicular fibrous pseudotumor). Ortiz Rodriguez-Parets J, Silva Abuin J, Abad Hernandez M, Martin Rodriguez A, Bullon Sopelana A. Arch Esp Urol. 2002 Sep;55(7):847-9. Spanish.

250.Cysts of the ejaculatory system--a treatable cause of recurrent epididymo-orchitis in children. Pimpalwar A, Chowdhary S, Huskisson J, Corkery JJ. Eur J Pediatr Surg. 2002 Aug;12(4):281-5.

251.Antegrade scrotal sclerotherapy and varicocele. Ficarra V, Sarti A, Novara G, Artibani W. Asian J Androl. 2002 Sep;4(3):221-4. Review.

252.EAU guidelines on male infertility. Weidner W, Colpi GM, Hargreave TB, Papp GK, Pomerol JM, Ghosh C; EAU Working Group on Male Infertility. Eur Urol. 2002 Oct;42(4):313-22.

253.Short-term prophylaxis with deoxyspergualin prevents testicular autoimmunity in mice. Ablake M, Itoh M, Kaneko T, Iimura A, Nakamura Y, Meroni P, Nicoletti F. Eur J Pharmacol. 2002 Aug 23;450(2):209-12.

254.Management of common disorders of the inguinal canal and scrotum in childhood and adolescence. Redman JF, Reddy PP. J Ark Med Soc. 2002 Sep;99(3):89-91. Review. Erratum in: J Ark Med Soc. 2003 Jan;99(7):219.

255.Accuracy of frozen section examination of testicular tumors of uncertain origin. Elert A, Olbert P, Hegele A, Barth P, Hofmann R, Heidenreich A. Eur Urol. 2002 Mar;41(3):290-3.

256.Early surgical results with intent to treat by radical retropubic prostatectomy for clinically localized prostate cancer. Abbas F, Siddiqui K, Biyabani SR, Hasan SH, Talati J. J Pak Med Assoc. 2002 May;52(5):200-5.

257.Identification of Bphs, an autoimmune disease locus, as histamine receptor H1. Ma RZ, Gao J, Meeker ND, Fillmore PD, Tung KS, Watanabe T, Zachary JF, Offner H, Blankenhorn EP, Teuscher C. Science. 2002 Jul 26;297(5581):620-3.

258.Leiomyosarcoma complicating chronic inflammation of the testis. Ali Y, Kehinde EO, Makar R, Al-Awadi KA, Anim JT. Med Princ Pract. 2002 Jul-Sep;11(3):157-60.

259.Adults with pediatric-onset spinal cord injury: part 1: prevalence of medical complications. Vogel LC, Krajci KA, Anderson CJ. J Spinal Cord Med. 2002 Summer;25(2):106-16.

260.Serum sperm antibodies are not elevated after mumps orchitis. Jarow JP. J Urol. 2002 Aug;168(2):860-1.

261.Brucellar orchitis in Innerwest Anatolia Region of Turkey. A report of 12 cases. Kadikoylu G, Tuncer G, Bolaman Z, Sina M. Urol Int. 2002;69(1):33-5.

262.Complications of inguinal hernia repair. Forte A, D'Urso A, Gallinaro LS, Lo Storto G, Bosco MR, Vietri F, Beltrami V. G Chir. 2002 Mar;23(3):88-92. Italian.

263.Comparison of radionuclide imaging and ultrasonographyin the differentiation of acute testicular torsion and inflammatorytesticular disease. Wu HC, Sun SS, Kao A, Chuang FJ, Lin CC, Lee CC. Clin Nucl Med. 2002 Jul;27(7):490-3.

264.Management of the acute scrotum in children. Corbett HJ, Simpson ET. ANZ J Surg. 2002 Mar;72(3):226-8.

265.Preoperative diagnosis of bilateral tuberculousepididymo-orchitis following intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guerintherapy for superficial bladder carcinoma. Muttarak M, Lojanapiwat B, Chaiwun B, Wudhikarn S. Australas Radiol. 2002 Jun;46(2):183-5.

266.A case of orchitis following vaccination with freeze-dried live attenuated mumps vaccine. Suzuki M, Takizawa A, Furuta A, Yanada S, Iwamuro S, Tashiro K. Nippon Hinyokika Gakkai Zasshi. 2002 May;93(4):577-9. Review. Japanese.

267.Mumps virus and orchitis: towards a physiopathologic approach. Mouchel T, Le Goffic R, Patard JJ, Samson M. Prog Urol. 2002 Feb;12(1):124-8. Review. French.

268.Acute scrotum secondary to testicular tumor. ParraMuntaner L, Sanchez Merino JM, Lopez Pacios JC, Gomez Cisneros SC,Pineiro Fernandez Mdel C, Madrid Garcia FJ, Garcia Alonso J, SousaEscandon A. Arch Esp Urol. 2002 Jan-Feb;55(1):71-3. Spanish.

269.Granulomatous orchitis associated with Histoplasma-like organisms in porcupines (Erethizon dorsatum). Hamir AN, Olsen S, Rupprecht CE. Vet Rec. 2002 Feb 23;150(8):251-2.

270.Molecular characterisation of two mumps virus genotypes circulating during an epidemic in Lithuania from 1998 to 2000. Tecle T, Mickiene A, Johansson B, Lindquist L, Orvell C. Arch Virol. 2002;147(2):243-53.

271.Antegrade scrotal sclerotherapy in the treatment of varicocele: a prospective study. Ficarra V, Porcaro AB, Righetti R, Cerruto MA, Pilloni S, Cavalleri S, Malossini G, Artibani W. BJU Int. 2002 Feb;89(3):264-8.

272.Prevention of murine experimental autoimmune orchitis by recombinant human interleukin-6. Li L, Itoh M, Ablake M, Macri B, Bendtzen K, Nicoletti F. Clin Immunol. 2002 Feb;102(2):135-7.

273.Epididymo-orchitis caused by Brucella melitensis in breeding rams in India. Chand P, Sadana JR, Malhotra AK. Vet Rec. 2002 Jan 19;150(3):84-5.

274.Mumps. Moriuchi H. Nippon Rinsho. 2001 Nov;59 Suppl 7:80-2. Review. Japanese.

275.Case report. Epididymo-orchitis and bacteremia caused by Plesiomonas shigelloides in an HIV-infected patient. Young AZ, Neujahr D, Estok L. AIDS Read. 2001 Dec;11(12):617-9.

276.Focal orchitis in undescended testes: discussion of pathogenetic mechanisms of tubular atrophy. Nistal M, Riestra ML, Paniagua R. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 2002 Jan;126(1):64-9.

277.Augmentation colocystoplasty in bladder exstrophy. Bhatnagar V, Dave S, Agarwala S, Mitra DK. Pediatr Surg Int. 2002 Jan;18(1):43-9.

278.Serum sperm antibodies are not elevated after mumps orchitis. Kalaydjiev S, Dimitrova D, Nenova M, Peneva S, Dikov I, Nakov L. Fertil Steril. 2002 Jan;77(1):76-82.

279.Testicular sperm extraction and intracytoplasmic sperm injection in non-obstructive azoospermia. Ng HY, Lau YL, Yeung SB, So WK, Tam PC, Ho PC. Chin Med J (Engl). 2000 Mar;113(3):246-50.

280.Mitrofanoff procedure incombination withenterocystoplasty for detrusor hyperreflexia with external sphincterdyssynergia: one-year experience of 12 cases. Kochakarn W, Muangman V. J Med Assoc Thai. 2001 Jul;84(7):1046-50.

281.Effects of endocrine disruptors on prosobranch snails(Mollusca: Gastropoda) in the laboratory. Part III: Cyproterone acetateand vinclozolin as antiandrogens. Tillmann M, Schulte-Oehlmann U, Duft M, Markert B, Oehlmann J. Ecotoxicology. 2001 Dec;10(6):373-88.

282.Echo color Doppler findings in postpubertal mumps epididymo-orchitis. Tarantino L, Giorgio A, de Stefano G, Farella N. J Ultrasound Med. 2001 Nov;20(11):1189-95.

283.Diagnosis and imaging in urinary tract infections. Bjerklund Johansen TE. Curr Opin Urol. 2002 Jan;12(1):39-43. Review.

284.EAU guidelines for the management of urinary and malegenital tract infections. Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) Working Groupof the Health Care Office (HCO) of the European Association of Urology(EAU). NaberKG, Bergman B, Bishop MC, Bjerklund-Johansen TE, Botto H, Lobel B,Jinenez Cruz F, Selvaggi FP; Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) WorkingGroup of the Health Care Office (HCO) of the European Association ofUrology (EAU). Eur Urol. 2001 Nov;40(5):576-88.

285.Epididymoorchitis mimicking testicular torsion in Henoch-Schonlein purpura. Dayanir YO, Akdilli A, Karaman CZ, Sonmez F, Karaman G. Eur Radiol. 2001;11(11):2267-9.

286.Epididymoorchitis due to Brucella mellitensis: a retrospective study of 59 patients. Navarro-Martinez A, Solera J, Corredoira J, Beato JL, Martinez-Alfaro E, Atienzar M, Ariza J. Clin Infect Dis. 2001 Dec 15;33(12):2017-22. Epub 2001 Nov 6.

287.Comparison of tuberculous and pyogenic epididymalabscesses: clinical, gray-scale sonographic, and color Dopplersonographic features. Yang DM, Yoon MH, Kim HS, Jin W, Hwang HY, Kim HS, Cho SP, Kim DS. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2001 Nov;177(5):1131-5.

288.European guideline for the management of epididymo-orchitis and syndromic management of acute scrotal swelling. HornerPJ; European Branch of the International Union against SexuallyTransmitted Infection and the European Office of the World HealthOrganization. Int J STD AIDS. 2001 Oct;12 Suppl 3:88-93.

289.Uptake of porcine rubulavirus (LPMV) by PK-15 cells. Hernandez-Jauregui P, Yacoub A, Kennedy S, Curran B, Tellez C, Svenda M, Ljung L, Moreno-Lopez J. Arch Med Res. 2001 Sep-Oct;32(5):400-9.

290.Acute orchitis caused by parotitis in adults. Astrakhantsev AF, Solov'ev AA. Urologiia. 2001 Jul-Aug;(4):53-5. Review. Russian.

291.Control and impairment of immune privilege in the testis and in semen. Filippini A, Riccioli A, Padula F, Lauretti P, D'Alessio A, De Cesaris P, Gandini L, Lenzi A, Ziparo E. Hum Reprod Update. 2001 Sep-Oct;7(5):444-9. Review.

292.Experience gained with the drug amizon in thetreatment of patients with mumps, with special reference to its effectson some biochemical markers. Frolov AF, Frolov VM, Loskutova IA, Danilenko VF, Bukhtiarova TA. Lik Sprava. 2001 Mar-Apr;(2):118-21. Russian.

293.Ischemic orchiditis: review of 5 cases diagnosed by color Doppler ultrasonography. Lefort C, Thoumas D, Badachi Y, Gobet F, Pfister C, Dacher JN, Benozio M. J Radiol. 2001 Jul;82(7):839-42. French.

294.Laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair: review of 6 years experience. Vanclooster P, Smet B, de Gheldere C, Segers K. Acta Chir Belg. 2001 May-Jun;101(3):135-8.

295.Xanthogranulomatous orchitis. Report of 7 cases. Hajri M, Amna MB, Derouich A, Ayed M, Zermani F, Jilani SB. Ann Urol (Paris). 2001 Jul;35(4):237-9. French.

296.Methods of diagnosis and treatment of acute diseases of organs of the scrotum. Aboev ZA. Urologiia. 2001 Mar-Apr;(2):49-53. Review. Russian.

297.Contribution of environmental factors to the risk of male infertility. Oliva A, Spira A, Multigner L. Hum Reprod. 2001 Aug;16(8):1768-76.

298.Brucellar epididymo-orchitis in Saudi Arabia: a retrospective study of 26 cases and review of the literature. Memish ZA, Venkatesh S. BJU Int. 2001 Jul;88(1):72-6. Review.

299.The natural history of idiopathic urethrorrhagia in boys. Walker BR, Ellison ED, Snow BW, Cartwright PC. J Urol. 2001 Jul;166(1):231-2.

300.Correlation between inhibin secretion and damage of seminiferous tubules in a model of experimental autoimmune orchitis. Suescun MO, Suescun MO, Lustig L, Calandra RS, Calandra RS, Groome NP, Campo S. J Endocrinol. 2001 Jul;170(1):113-20.

301.Meconium periorchitis. Two case reports. Bouhafs A, Bouvier R, Dodat H. Arch Pediatr. 2001 May;8(5):504-7. French.

302.Tuberculous epididymitis and epididymo-orchitis: sonographic appearances. Muttarak M, Peh WC, Lojanapiwat B, Chaiwun B. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2001 Jun;176(6):1459-66.

303.Undescended testis causing retroperitoneal mass. Sayfan J, Rosen A. Isr Med Assoc J. 1999 Sep;1(1):54-5.

304.Management of epididymo-orchitis in Genitourinary Medicine clinics in the United Kingdom's North Thames region 2000. Dale AW, Wilson JD, Forster GE, Daniels D, Brook MG. Int J STD AIDS. 2001 May;12(5):342-5.

305.Genital disorders, linear and testicular characteristics in Menz rams. Hibret A, Toe F, Mukasa-Mugerwa E, Kassa T, Markos T. Trop Anim Health Prod. 2001 May;33(3):219-27.

306.Serum sperm antibodies unrelated to mumps orchitis. Kalaydjiev S, Dimitrova D, Tsvetkova P, Tsvetkov D. Andrologia. 2001 Mar;33(2):69-70.

307.Brucellar orchiepididymitis. ValdelviraNadal P, Nicolas Torralba JA, Banon Perez VJ, Lopez Cubillana P, ServerPastor G, Prieto Gonzalez A, Gomez Gomez G, Garcia Hernandez JA,Martinez Pertusa P, Perez Albacete M. Actas Urol Esp. 2001 Feb;25(2):140-2. Spanish.

308.Immune infertility after mumps orchitis?. Kalaidzhiev S. Akush Ginekol (Sofiia). 2000;40(4):46-8. Review. Bulgarian.

309.Tuberculous epididymo-orchitis: a case report. Izawa JI, Armstrong CE, Hammerberg O, Vallely J. Can J Urol. 1999 Apr;6(2):751-756.

310.Post-transplant epididymitis and orchitis following Listeria monocytogenes septicaemia. von Schnakenburg C, Hinrichs B, Fuchs J, Kardorff R. Pediatr Transplant. 2000 May;4(2):156-8.

311.Autoimmune orchitis and male infertility. Ueda H. Ryoikibetsu Shokogun Shirizu. 2000;(31):112-5. Review. Japanese.

312.Doppler ultrasonography in testicular tumors presenting with acute scrotal pain. Varsamidis K, Varsamidou E, Mavropoulos G. Acta Radiol. 2001 Mar;42(2):230-3.

313.Short-stay surgery of inguino-crural hernia. Vasquez G, Zandi G, Ortolani M, Feo CV, Bertasi M, Zamboni P, Liboni A. Minerva Chir. 2000 Oct;55(10):681-6. Italian.

314.A case report of granulomatous orchitis--review of 20 cases in Japan. Sakuma T, Den S. Nippon Hinyokika Gakkai Zasshi. 2001 Jan;92(1):30-3. Review. Japanese.

315.Meconium periorchitis: case report and literature review. Varkonyi I, Fliegel C, Rosslein R, Jenny P, Ohnacker H. Eur J Pediatr Surg. 2000 Dec;10(6):404-7.

316.Acute epididymo-orchitis with abscess formation due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa: report of 3 cases. Kashiwagi B, Okugi H, Morita T, Kato Y, Shibata Y, Yamanaka H. Hinyokika Kiyo. 2000 Dec;46(12):915-8. Review.

317.Long-term results of 516 transurethral resections of the prostate gland. Chakarov S, Bechev R, Lazarov Z, Fachikov Ts, Rangelov S. Khirurgiia (Sofiia). 1999;55(4):27-8. Bulgarian.

318.Xanthogranulomatous funiculitis and epididymo-orchitis in a tetraplegic patient. Vaidyanathan S, Mansour P, Parsons KF, Singh G, Soni BM, Subramaniam R, Oo T, Sett P. Spinal Cord. 2000 Dec;38(12):769-72.

319.Differential effects of dexamethasone treatment onlipopolysaccharide-induced testicular inflammation and reproductivehormone inhibition in adult rats. Gow RM, O'Bryan MK, Canny BJ, Ooi GT, Hedger MP. J Endocrinol. 2001 Jan;168(1):193-201.

320.Emergency evaluation of patients presenting with acute scrotum using bedside ultrasonography. Blaivas M, Sierzenski P, Lambert M. Acad Emerg Med. 2001 Jan;8(1):90-3.

321.Expression and regulation of the CXC-chemokines, GRO/KC and IP-10/mob-1 in rat seminiferous tubules. Aubry F, Habasque C, Satie AP, Jegou B, Samson M. Eur Cytokine Netw. 2000 Dec;11(4):690-8.

322.A comparison of the histopathological findings after open and percutaneous needle testicular biopsy in adult male rats. Altay B, Hekimgil M, Kefi A, Girgin C, Cikili N. BJU Int. 2000 Dec;86(9):1084-7.

323.Granulomatous orchitis. Calleja Escudero J, de la Cruz Ruiz M, Rivera Ferro J, Torrecilla Garcia-Ripoll JR, Peral Martinez JI, Fernandez del Busto E. Actas Urol Esp. 2000 Sep;24(8):682-4. Spanish.

324.Mumps and rubella eliminated from Finland. Peltola H, Davidkin I, Paunio M, Valle M, Leinikki P, Heinonen OP. JAMA. 2000 Nov 22-29;284(20):2643-7.

325.High-energy microwave thermotherapy in patients in urinary retention. Naqvi SA, Rizvi SA, Hasan AS. J Endourol. 2000 Oct;14(8):677-81.

326.Granulomatous orchitis. Brunson J Jr, Press HC Jr, Hong IS. J Natl Med Assoc. 2000 Sep;92(9):458-9.

327.Tuberculosis as a cause of chronic epididymo-orchitis in a male caucasian. McVie JL, Bani-Hani K, Bury RW, Duthie R, Walker SJ. Hosp Med. 2000 Sep;61(9):670-1.

328.Systemic manifestations of Sweet's syndrome: a case report. El Maghraoui A, Abouzahir A, Tabache F, Bezza A, Rimani M, Ghafir D, Ohayon V, Archane MI. Ann Med Interne (Paris). 2000 Sep;151(5):413-6. French.

329.Regulation of immune functions by sperm-specific LDHand its differences with somatic isozyme in primary and secondarylymphocyte cultures. Gupta GS, Chaturvedi G. Am J Reprod Immunol. 2000 Sep;44(3):160-9.

330.Cytokines in diseases of the endocrine system. Igaz P, Falus A, Glaz E, Racz K. Cell Biol Int. 2000;24(10):663-8. Review.

331.Invasive group A streptococcus infection of the scrotum and streptococcal toxic shock syndrome. Walker BR, Pribble CG, Cartwright PC. Urology. 2000 Oct 1;56(4):669.

332.Scrotal disorders: evaluation of testicular enhancement patterns at dynamic contrast-enhanced subtraction MR imaging. Watanabe Y, Dohke M, Ohkubo K, Ishimori T, Amoh Y, Okumura A, Oda K, Hayashi T, Dodo Y, Arai Y. Radiology. 2000 Oct;217(1):219-27.

333.Septic orchitis in an alpaca. Aubry P, Swor TM, Lohr CV, Tibary A, Barrington GM. Can Vet J. 2000 Sep;41(9):704-6.

334.New data on the development of complications during epidemiological parotitis in children. Aksenov OA, Parkhaeva OV, Sizemov AN, Skripchenko NV, Bekhtereva MK. Vopr Virusol. 2000 Jul-Aug;45(4):24-8. Russian.

335.Swollen and painful left testicle. Swischuk LE. Pediatr Emerg Care. 2000 Aug;16(4):287-9.

336.Clinical and sperm follow-up after subinguinal varicocelectomy. Vicari E, Arancio A, Costanzo C, Ingrassia G, Cannizzaro MA. Arch Ital Urol Androl. 2000 Jun;72(2):65-73. Italian.

337.Fowl typhoid and pullorum disease. Shivaprasad HL. Rev Sci Tech. 2000 Aug;19(2):405-24. Review.

338.Chronic tuberculous epididymitis: color Doppler US findings with histopathologic correlation. Yang DM, Chang MS, Oh YH, Yoon MH, Kim HS, Chung JW. Abdom Imaging. 2000 Sep-Oct;25(5):559-62.

339.The protective role of postvaccinal immunity in mumps in children. Zheleznikova GF, Ivanova VV, Bekhtereva MK, Gnilevskaia ZU, Monakhova NE, Novozhilova EV, Goleva OV, Sizemov AN. Zh Mikrobiol Epidemiol Immunobiol. 2000 May-Jun;(3):42-6. Russian.

340.A case of testicular lupus. Walker G, Merry P, Sethia K, Ball RY. Lupus. 2000;9(5):397-8.

341.Semen characteristics of goats with subacute, acute and chronic besnoitiosis. Njenga MJ, Munyua SJ, Mutiga ER, Gathuma JM, Kang'ethe EK, Bwangamoi O, Mugera GM, Mitaru BN. J S Afr Vet Assoc. 1999 Mar;70(1):18-20.

342.Role of interferon-alpha-2B in prevention of testicular atrophy with unilateral mumps orchitis. Yeniyol CO, Sorguc S, Minareci S, Ayder AR. Urology. 2000 Jun;55(6):931-3.

343.Effects of lonidamine on testicular and epididymal proteins in the rat. Leone MG, Grippa E, Guidolin D, Tita B, Abdel-Haq H, Gatto MT, Bordi F, Cheng CY, Silvestrini B, Saso L. Reprod Toxicol. 2000 May-Jun;14(3):257-63.

344.Mumps epididymo-orchitis: sonography and color Doppler sonographic findings. Basekim CC, Kizilkaya E, Pekkafali Z, Baykal KV, Karsli AF. Abdom Imaging. 2000 May-Jun;25(3):322-5.

345.Safety and effectiveness of vasectomy. Schwingl PJ, Guess HA. Fertil Steril. 2000 May;73(5):923-36. Review.

346.Epididymo-orchitis following intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guerin therapy. Menke JJ, Heins JR. Ann Pharmacother. 2000 Apr;34(4):479-82. Review.

347.Usefulness of Doppler-color ultrasonography andidentification of resistance indexes as early indicators of testicularinfarction secondary to orchiepididymitis. Lopez Milena G, Medina Benitez A, Ortega Herrera R, Rabaza Espigares J, Romero Manjon MI, Hernandez Abad MJ. Actas Urol Esp. 2000 Jan;24(1):43-7. Spanish.

348.Association of molecular variants of luteinizing hormone with male infertility. Ramanujam LN, Liao WX, Roy AC, Ng SC. Hum Reprod. 2000 Apr;15(4):925-8.

349.Effect of testicular macrophage conditioned media from rats with autoimmune orchitis on Leydig cell function. Suescun MO, Calandra RS, Lustig L. Am J Reprod Immunol. 2000 Feb;43(2):116-23.

350.Halicephalobus gingivalis (H. deletrix) infection in two horses in southern California. Kinde H, Mathews M, Ash L, St Leger J. J Vet Diagn Invest. 2000 Mar;12(2):162-5.

351.Acute appendicitis with an unusual complication. Takagi Y, Abe T. J Clin Gastroenterol. 2000 Mar;30(2):216.

352.The lion of the union: the pelvic wound of Joshua Lawrence Chamberlain. Harmon WJ, McAllister CK. J Urol. 2000 Mar;163(3):713-6.

353.Isolation of Actinobacillus seminis from the genital tract of rams in spain. de la Puente-Redondo VA, Garcia del Blanco N, Perez-Martinez C, Gonzalez-Rodriguez MC, Rodriguez-Ferri EF, Gutierrez-Martin CB. J Comp Pathol. 2000 Feb-Apr;122(2-3):217-22.

354.The efficacy of amizon in the combined treatment of patients with epidemic parotitis. Frolov AF, Frolov VM, Loskutova IV, Danilenko VF, Bukhtiarova TA, Korobka LN. Lik Sprava. 1999 Oct-Dec;(7-8):156-60. Russian.

355.Tuberculous orchiepididymitis as clinical onset of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Anglada Curado FJ, Gomez Bermudo J, Carmona Campos E, Blanco Espinosa A, Prieto Castro R, Regueiro Lopez JC, Requena Tapia MJ. Actas Urol Esp. 1999 Nov-Dec;23(10):898-9. Spanish.

356.The changes seen on high-resolution ultrasound in orchitis. Cook JL, Dewbury K. Clin Radiol. 2000 Jan;55(1):13-8. Review.

357.Recurrent epididymo-orchitis in patients with Behcet's disease. Kaklamani VG, Vaiopoulos G, Markomichelakis N, Kaklamanis P. J Urol. 2000 Feb;163(2):487-9.

358.Gray-scale and power doppler sonographic appearances of acute inflammatory diseases of the scrotum. Farriol VG, Comella XP, Agromayor EG, Creixams XS, Martinez De La Torre IB. J Clin Ultrasound. 2000 Feb;28(2):67-72.

359.A rare case of acute scrotum. Thrombophlebitis from ectasia of the left pampiniforme plexus. Campagnola S, Flessati P, Fasoli L, Sulpasso M, Pea M. Minerva Urol Nefrol. 1999 Sep;51(3):163-5. Italian.

360.Anterior tension-free repair of recurrent inguinal hernia under local anesthesia: a 7-year experience in a teaching hospital. Gianetta E, Cuneo S, Vitale B, Camerini G, Marini P, Stella M. Ann Surg. 2000 Jan;231(1):132-6.

361.National guideline for the management ofepididymo-orchitis. Clinical Effectiveness Group (Association ofGenitourinary Medicine and the Medical Society for the Study ofVenereal Diseases). No authors listed. Sex Transm Infect. 1999 Aug;75 Suppl 1:S51-3.

362.Paracoccidioides brasilienses isolates obtained frompatients with acute and chronic disease exhibit morphologicaldifferences after animal passage. Svidzinski TI, Miranda Neto MH, Santana RG, Fischman O, Colombo AL. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo. 1999 Sep-Oct;41(5):279-83.

363.Pulmonary sarcoidosis with testicular and epididymal disease. Calvo Bonachera J, Sebastian Gil MD, Bernal Rosique MS, Calvo Bonachera MD, Pascual Lledo FJ, Valencia Rodriguez A. An Med Interna. 1999 Oct;16(10):522-4. Spanish.

364.Ectopic ureter associated with renal dysplasia. Cabay JE, Lamy S, Dondelinger RF. JBR-BTR. 1999 Oct;82(5):228-30.

365.Relapse in brucella orchiepididymitis. Valero Puerta JA, Medina Perez M, Marin Martin J, Sanchez Gonzalez M, Valpuesta Fernandez I, Alvarez Kindelan J. Actas Urol Esp. 1999 Sep;23(8):726-8. Spanish.

366.Relevance of male accessory gland infection for subsequent fertility with special focus on prostatitis. Weidner W, Krause W, Ludwig M. Hum Reprod Update. 1999 Sep-Oct;5(5):421-32. Review.

367.Recurrent orchiepididymitis, 6 months after miliary tuberculosis. Clemente Ramos LM. Arch Esp Urol. 1999 Sep;52(7):802. Spanish.

368.Bilateral synchronous granulomatous orchitis: gray-scale and colour Doppler sonographic findings. Pekindil G, Huseyin Atakan I, Kaya E, Bilgi S, Inci O. Eur J Radiol. 1999 Sep;31(3):201-3.

369.The preventive effect of systemic treatment with interferon-alpha2B for infertility from mumps orchitis. Ku JH, Kim YH, Jeon YS, Lee NK. BJU Int. 1999 Nov;84(7):839-42.

370.Testicular macrophages and inflammation. Hedger MP. Andrologia. 1999 Sep;31(5):308-10.

371.Which efforts towards conservative treatment of male infertility will be successful? Antiphlogistics and glucocorticoids. Krause W. Andrologia. 1999 Sep;31(5):301-3.

372.Synchronous torsion of testicular appendages: a rare mechanical cause of bilateral scrotal pain. Holland AJ, Boucaut HA, Richards JC. Pediatr Surg Int. 1999;15(7):519-20.

373.Establishment of murine model of autoimmune male infertility. Sakamoto Y, Matsumoto T, Kumazawa J. Nippon Hinyokika Gakkai Zasshi. 1999 Sep;90(9):763-8. Japanese.

374.Seminoma mimicking epididymo-orchitis on scrotal scintigraphy. Goyal M, Hanelin LG. Clin Nucl Med. 1999 Oct;24(10):803-4.

375.Benign prostatic hypertrophy: clinical and therapeutic aspects. Review of 1,280 cases. Nouri M, Elkhadir K, el Fassi J, Koutani A, Ibn Attya A, Hachimi M, Lakrissa A. Ann Urol (Paris). 1999;33(4):243-51. French.

376.Theriogenology question of the month. Septic orchitis-periorchitis and epididymitis. Kasaback CM, Rashmir-Raven AM, Black SS. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1999 Sep 15;215(6):787-9.

377.Malignant large cell calcifying Sertoli cell tumor ofthe testis (LCCSCTT). Report of a case in an elderly man and review ofthe literature. Bufo P, Pennella A, Serio G, Mastropasqua MG, Cenacchi G, Rogatsch H, Mikuz G. Pathologica. 1999 Apr;91(2):107-14. Review.

378.Reversible bilateral hydronephrosis without obstruction in hepatitis B-associated polyarteritis nodosa. Casserly LF, Reddy SM, Rennke HG, Carpinito GA, Levine JS. Am J Kidney Dis. 1999 Sep;34(3):e11. Review.

379.Schonlein-Henoch syndrome: clinical-epidemiological analysis of 98 cases. Sticca M, Barca S, Spallino L, Livio L, Longhi R. Pediatr Med Chir. 1999 Jan-Feb;21(1):9-12. Italian.

380.Tuberculous orchitis co-existing with tuberculosis of the sternum--case report. Fadiran OA, Akintan B, Oluwole SF. Cent Afr J Med. 1999 Feb;45(2):45-7.

381.Surgical therapy of varicocele. Technical note on the inguinal approach. Armellino MF, Romano G, Imperato L, Rispoli G. Minerva Chir. 1999 May;54(5):367-71. Italian.

382.Torsion of the appendix testis. Chou YH, Chan HK, Huang CN, Huang CH. Kaohsiung J Med Sci. 1999 Jun;15(6):322-5. Chinese.

383.Physical mapping of the autoimmune diseasesusceptibility locus, Bphs: co-localization with a cluster of genesfrom the TNF receptor superfamily on mouse chromosome 6. Meeker ND, Stafford AN, Lunceford JK, Avner P, Ma RZ, Teuscher C. Mamm Genome. 1999 Sep;10(9):858-63.

384.Recurrent orchiepididymitis, 6 months after likely miliary tuberculosis. Lacambra Calvet C, Solis Villa J. Arch Esp Urol. 1999 Jun;52(5):518-20. Review. Spanish.

385.Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. A mycologic and immunochemical study of two strains. Lacaz Cda S, Vidal MS, Heins-Vaccari EM, de Melo NT, Del Negro GM, Arriagada GL, Freitas Rdos S. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo. 1999 Mar-Apr;41(2):79-86.

386.Bilateral epididymoorchitis secondary to brucellosis. Turan T, Tuncay OL, Aybek Z, Bozbay C. Int Urol Nephrol. 1999;31(1):117-8.

387.Effect of long-term vasectomy on seminiferous tubules in the guinea pig. Aitken H, Kumarakuru S, Orr R, Reid O, Bennett NK, McDonald SW. Clin Anat. 1999;12(4):250-63.

388.Testicular plasmacytoma: appearance on gray-scale and power Doppler sonography. Bude RO. J Clin Ultrasound. 1999 Jul-Aug;27(6):345-6.

389.The mouse p52 subunit of the transcription/DNA repairfactor TFIIH is located in the class III region of the H2 complex:cloning and sequence polymorphism. Lanning D, Lafuse WP. Immunogenetics. 1999 Jun;49(6):498-504.

390.Lymphocytic meningitis by mumps virus: epidemiologic, clinical, serologic and evolutive analysis of 28 cases. Rodriguez-Vidigal F, Redondo L, Aguilar FJ, Vera A, Munoz-Sanz A. Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin. 1999 Apr;17(4):176-9. Spanish.

391.Syphilitic orchitis: a case report. Nakano Y, Chokyu H, Inaba Y, Harada M, Gotoh A, Maeda S. Hinyokika Kiyo. 1999 Apr;45(4):289-91. Japanese.

392.The anti-PCNA reaction in the seminiferous tubule cellsof Lewis rat testis. Part II: The unilateral inflammatory effect ofFreund's complete adjuvant. Godlewski A, Boloz W, Chilarski A. Folia Histochem Cytobiol. 1999;37(2):81-2.

393.Orchitis. Naide Y. Ryoikibetsu Shokogun Shirizu. 1999;(25 Pt 3):241-2. Review. Japanese.

394.The use of flowing-irrigating drainage in thetreatment of patients with an acute purulent-inflammatory anddestructive orchiepididymitis. Pryima OB, Lysyk OS. Klin Khir. 1999;(2):47. Ukrainian.

395.Wide spread inflammation of the parotid glands(mumps): underestimated disease. I. Epidemiology of the mumps and itsmedical meaning in Poland. Galazka A, Kraigher A, Robertson SE. Przegl Epidemiol. 1998;52(4):389-400. Polish.

396.Postprostatectomy orchitis: reduction in incidence using perioperative ceftriaxone and postoperative ciprofloxacin. Anyanwu SN. Chemotherapy. 1999 May-Jun;45(3):213-6.

397.POEMS syndrome with chronic renal failure. Erbsloh-Moller B, Perras B, Sack K. Med Klin (Munich). 1999 Mar 15;94(3):159-64. German.

398.Periarteritis nodosa induced by hepatitis B virus. Mouthon L. Pathol Biol (Paris). 1999 Mar;47(3):237-44. Review. French.

399.Successful testicular sperm extraction and fertilization in an azoospermic man with postpubertal mumps orchitis. Lin YM, Hsu CC, Lin JS. BJU Int. 1999 Mar;83(4):526-7.

400.Inflammation alone evokes the response of a TCR-invariant mouse gamma delta T cell subset. Mukasa A, Born WK, O'Brien RL. J Immunol. 1999 Apr 15;162(8):4910-3.

401.Outcome and safety of transrectal US-guided percutaneous cryotherapy for localized prostate cancer. Saliken JC, Donnelly BJ, Brasher P, Ali-Ridha N, Ernst S, Robinson J. J Vasc Interv Radiol. 1999 Feb;10(2 Pt 1):199-208.

402.An unusual case of genital tuberculosis. A case report. Loffler U, Berndt A, Kosmehl H, Beintker M, Werner W, Schubert J. Urologe A. 1999 Jan;38(1):60-4. German.

403.Mumps and mumps vaccine: a global review. Galazka AM, Robertson SE, Kraigher A. Bull World Health Organ. 1999;77(1):3-14.

404.Preperitoneal prosthetic mesh hernioplasty during radical retropubic prostatectomy. Choi BB, Steckel J, Denoto G, Vaughan ED, Schlegel PN. J Urol. 1999 Mar;161(3):840-3.

405.An MRSA outbreak in a urology ward and its association with Nd:YAG coagulation laser treatment of the prostate. Jones JW, Carter A, Ewings P, O'Boyle PJ. J Hosp Infect. 1999 Jan;41(1):39-44.

406.Lepromatous orchitis associated with seminoma. Ebenezer GJ, Gnanaraj L, Ebenezer M, Job CK. Int J Lepr Other Mycobact Dis. 1998 Sep;66(3):385-6.

407.Spiral twist of the spermatic cord: a reliable sign of testicular torsion. Baud C, Veyrac C, Couture A, Ferran JL. Pediatr Radiol. 1998 Dec;28(12):950-4.

408.Acute scrotum due to edidymo-orchitis associated with vasal anomalies in children with anorectal malformations. Oguzkurt P, Tanyel FC, Buyukpamukcu N. J Pediatr Surg. 1998 Dec;33(12):1834-6.

409.Doppler ultrasound of the testis in azoospermic subjects as a parameter of testicular function. Foresta C, Garolla A, Bettella A, Ferlin A, Rossato M, Candiani F. Hum Reprod. 1998 Nov;13(11):3090-3.

410.Management of sexually transmitted disease by surgeons. Hunt LM, Nash JR, Dilke-Wing GM. Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 1998 Sep;80(5):356-8.

411.Increased levels of interleukin-8 in human seminal plasma. Koumantakis E, Matalliotakis I, Kyriakou D, Fragouli Y, Relakis K. Andrologia. 1998 Nov;30(6):339-43.

412.Testicular microlithiasis. Said M, Braham R, Atallah R, el Kamel R, Jeddi M, Mosbah AF. Ann Urol (Paris). 1998;32(5):321-4. Review. French.

413.Gamma delta T cells in infection-induced and autoimmune-induced testicular inflammation. Mukasa A, Yoshida H, Kobayashi N, Matsuzaki G, Nomoto K. Immunology. 1998 Nov;95(3):395-401.

414.The mesh plug technique for recurrent groin herniorrhaphy: a nine-year experience of 407 repairs. Rutkow IM, Robbins AW. Surgery. 1998 Nov;124(5):844-7.

415.Xanthogranulomatous orchitis. Usamentiaga E, Val-Bernal JF, Alonso-Bartolome P, Lopez-Rasines G, del Valle JI, Calabia A. Urology. 1998 Nov;52(5):891-2.

416.Mumps. Floret D. Rev Prat. 1998 Feb 15;48(4):437-40. French.

417.Potential contraceptive use of epididymal proteins:immunization of male rats with epididymal protein DE inhibits spermfusion ability. Ellerman DA, Brantua VS, Martinez SP, Cohen DJ, Conesa D, Cuasnicu PS. Biol Reprod. 1998 Nov;59(5):1029-36.

418.What diagnosis? Appendicular abscess. Marque B, Montaigut JY, Wafflart E, Pons F, Jeanbourquin D. J Radiol. 1998 Jan;79(1):65-7. French.

419.Bacterial orchitis in a baby with imperforate anus. Nagar H, Weiss J, Kessler A. Pediatr Radiol. 1998 Sep;28(9):705.

420.New genetic loci that control susceptibility and symptoms of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis in inbred mice. Butterfield RJ, Sudweeks JD, Blankenhorn EP, Korngold R, Marini JC, Todd JA, Roper RJ, Teuscher C. J Immunol. 1998 Aug 15;161(4):1860-7.

421.The acute scrotum. Ringert RH. Z Arztl Fortbild Qualitatssich. 1998 Jun;92(5):343-8. Review. German.

422.Granulomatous orchitis. A case report and review of the literature. Ameur A, al Bouzidi A, Aqira A, Benomar S, Draoui D. Prog Urol. 1998 Jun;8(3):410-2. French.

423.Recurrent epididymo-orchitis secondary to Behcets disease. Callejas-Rubio JL, Ortego N, Diez A, Castro M, De La Higuera J. J Urol. 1998 Aug;160(2):496.

424.Testicular abscess: a manifestation of tuberculosis. Granados Loarca EA. Actas Urol Esp. 1998 Apr;22(4):381-3. Spanish.

425.Mumps orchitis; review of 8 cases. LopezPacios JC, Parra Muntaner L, Pineiro Fernandez MC, Gomez Cisneros SC,Sanchez Sanchez E, Rivas Escudero JA, Madrid Garcia FJ, Garcia Alonso J. Arch Esp Urol. 1998 May;51(4):331-3. Spanish.

426.Accumulation of various N-acylethanolamines includingN-arachidonoylethanolamine (anandamide) in cadmiumchloride-administered rat testis. Kondo S, Sugiura T, Kodaka T, Kudo N, Waku K, Tokumura A. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1998 Jun 15;354(2):303-10.

427.Microbiology of male urethroadnexitis: diagnostic procedures and criteria for aetiologic classification. Schiefer HG. Andrologia. 1998;30 Suppl 1:7-13. Review.

428.Mode of migration of normal lymphocytes inside murine testis. Itoh M, Moriyama H, Yano A, Li XQ, Takeuchi Y. Anat Rec. 1998 Jun;251(2):152-60.

429.Candidal epididymo-orchitis: case report and review. Jenkin GA, Choo M, Hosking P, Johnson PD. Clin Infect Dis. 1998 Apr;26(4):942-5. Review.

430.Inconclusive clinical and ultrasound evaluation of thescrotum: impact of magnetic resonance imaging on patient management andcost. Serra AD, Hricak H, Coakley FV, Kim B, Dudley A, Morey A, Tschumper B, Carroll PR. Urology. 1998 Jun;51(6):1018-21.

431.Cystic dysplasia of the testis associated with ipsilateral renal agenesis and high anorectal anomalies. Ngai RL, Yeung BK, Tsui WM, Cheng FY. J Pediatr Surg. 1998 May;33(5):787-8.

432.Granulomatous epididymo-orchitis: sonographic featuresand clinical outcome in brucellosis, tuberculosis and idiopathicgranulomatous epididymo-orchitis. Salmeron I, Ramirez-Escobar MA, Puertas F, Marcos R, Garcia-Marcos F, Sanchez R. J Urol. 1998 Jun;159(6):1954-7.

433.Autoimmune orchitis, epididymitis, and vasitis are immunogenetically distinct lesions. Roper RJ, Doerge RW, Call SB, Tung KS, Hickey WF, Teuscher C. Am J Pathol. 1998 May;152(5):1337-45.

434.Color-flow and power Doppler imaging of the testes. Dubinsky TJ, Chen P, Maklad N. World J Urol. 1998;16(1):35-40. Review.

435.Urological manifestations of HIV infection. Coburn M. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1998 Apr;14 Suppl 1:S23-5.

436.Emphysematous prostatitis, apropos of a case. Monreal Garcia de Vicuna F, Segarra Tomas J, Millan Rodriguez F, Salvador J, Vicente J. Arch Esp Urol. 1998 Jan-Feb;51(1):85-8. Spanish.

437.Altered basement membrane synthesis in the testis after tissue injury. Richardson LL, Kleinman HK, Dym M. J Androl. 1998 Mar-Apr;19(2):145-55.

438.Increased testosterone production in vitro by Leydig cells from rats with severe autoimmune orchitis. Suescun MO, Calandra RS, Lustig L. Int J Androl. 1997 Dec;20(6):339-46.

439.Cell-mediated autoimmune response to testis induced by bilateral testicular injury can be suppressed by cyclosporin A. Sakamoto Y, Matsumoto T, Kumazawa J. J Urol. 1998 May;159(5):1735-40.

440.Molecular analysis of the major MHC recombinational hotspot located within the G7c gene of the murine class III region that isinvolved in disease susceptibility. Snoek M, Teuscher C, van Vugt H. J Immunol. 1998 Jan 1;160(1):266-72.

441.Evidence that the same gamma delta T cells respond during infection-induced and autoimmune inflammation. Mukasa A, Lahn M, Pflum EK, Born W, O'Brien RL. J Immunol. 1997 Dec 15;159(12):5787-94.

442.6 years of experience in inguinal and femoral hernioplasty in patients over 65 years of age. Baschieri G, Cuneo S, Vitale B, Simonelli A, Steinweg M, Gianetta E. G Chir. 1997 Nov-Dec;18(11-12):815-9. Italian.

443.Acute scrotal symptoms in boys with an indeterminateclinical presentation: comparison of color Doppler sonography andscintigraphy. Paltiel HJ, Connolly LP, Atala A, Paltiel AD, Zurakowski D, Treves ST. Radiology. 1998 Apr;207(1):223-31.

444.Essential pathogenic role for endogenousinterferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) during disease onset phase of murineexperimental autoimmune orchitis. I. In vivo studies. Itoh M, Yano A, Xie Q, Iwahashi K, Takeuchi Y, Meroni PL, Nicoletti F. Clin Exp Immunol. 1998 Mar;111(3):513-20.

445.Patient with Hansen disease and lepromatous reaction with predominant neural involvement. Galvez J, Lopez-Dominguez JM, Navarro A, Creagh R, Casado JL, Chinchon Lara I. Neurologia. 1998 Jan;13(1):41-4. Spanish.

446.A common immunoregulatory locus controls susceptibilityto actively induced experimental allergic encephalomyelitis andexperimental allergic orchitis in BALB/c mice. Teuscher C, Hickey WF, Grafer CM, Tung KS. J Immunol. 1998 Mar 15;160(6):2751-6.

447.Multivariant analysis of men from infertile couples with and without antisperm antibodies. Gubin DA, Dmochowski R, Kutteh WH. Am J Reprod Immunol. 1998 Feb;39(2):157-60.

448.A 25-year review of the acute scrotum in children. Sidler D, Brown RA, Millar AJ, Rode H, Cywes S. S Afr Med J. 1997 Dec;87(12):1696-8.

449.Testicular masses. Junnila J, Lassen P. Am Fam Physician. 1998 Feb 15;57(4):685-92. Review.

450.Partial obstruction, not antisperm antibodies, causing infertility after vasovasostomy. Carbone DJ Jr, Shah A, Thomas AJ Jr, Agarwal A. J Urol. 1998 Mar;159(3):827-30.

451.US case of the day. Tuberculous epididymoorchitis. Tessler FN, Tublin ME, Rifkin MD. Radiographics. 1998 Jan-Feb;18(1):251-3.

452.Prostatitis and epididymo-orchitis due to Aspergillus fumigatus in a patient with AIDS. Hood SV, Bell D, McVey R, Wilson G, Wilkins EG. Clin Infect Dis. 1998 Jan;26(1):229-31.

453.Lesions in the reproductive tract of boars experimentally infected with porcine rubulavirus. Ramirez-Mendoza H, Hernandez-Jauregui P, Reyes-Leyva J, Zenteno E, Moreno-Lopez J, Kennedy S. J Comp Pathol. 1997 Oct;117(3):237-52.

454.Increased incidence of mumps orchitis in adolescence and adulthood--sequelae of low vaccination rate?. Siemer SW, Uder M, Scholz M, Steffens J, Jeanelle JP, Humke U. Urologe A. 1997 Sep;36(5):456-9. German.

455.Macrophages activated by Listeria monocytogenes induce organ-specific autoimmunity. Sonoda KH, Matsuzaki G, Nomura A, Yamada H, Hamano S, Nakamura T, Mukasa A, Nomoto K. Immunology. 1997 Oct;92(2):274-83.

456.Testicular fine needle aspiration cytology as a diagnostic tool in dog infertility. Dahlbom M, Makinen A, Suominen J. J Small Anim Pract. 1997 Nov;38(11):506-12.

457.Occupational exposure to polyvinyl chloride as a risk factor for testicular cancer evaluated in a case-control study. Hardell L, Ohlson CG, Fredrikson M. Int J Cancer. 1997 Dec 10;73(6):828-30.

458.Resistive index of the intrascrotal artery in scrotal inflammatory disease. Jee WH, Choe BY, Byun JY, Shinn KS, Hwang TK. Acta Radiol. 1997 Nov;38(6):1026-30.

459.Regulation of experimental autoimmune orchitis by thepresence or absence of testicular antigens during immunologicaldevelopment in SCID mice reconstituted with fetal liver cells. Wakabayashi A, Eishi Y, Nakamura K. Immunology. 1997 Sep;92(1):84-90.

460.Mumps orchitis: report of a mini-epidemic. Casella R, Leibundgut B, Lehmann K, Gasser TC. J Urol. 1997 Dec;158(6):2158-61.

461.Osteoporosis due to testicular atrophy in male leprosy patients. Ishikawa S, Tanaka H, Mizushima M, Hashizume H, Ishida Y, Inoue H. Acta Med Okayama. 1997 Oct;51(5):279-83.

462.Orchitis: a rare complication of infectious mononucleosis. Weiner RL. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 1997 Oct;16(10):1008-9.

463.Seminal vesiculitis and orchitis caused by Brucella abortus biovar 1 in young bison bulls from South Dakota. Rhyan JC, Holland SD, Gidlewski T, Saari DA, Jensen AE, Ewalt DR, Hennager SG, Olsen SC, Cheville NF. J Vet Diagn Invest. 1997 Oct;9(4):368-74.

464.Leukemic infiltration mimicking epididymo-orchitis on scrotal scintigraphy. Mehta HH, Thirumala S, Palestro CJ. Clin Nucl Med. 1997 Oct;22(10):721-2.

465.Scrotal gray-scale and color Doppler sonographic findings in genitourinary brucellosis. Bayram MM, Kervancioglu R. J Clin Ultrasound. 1997 Oct;25(8):443-7.

466.Genitourinary tuberculosis in pediatric surgical practice. Chattopadhyay A, Bhatnagar V, Agarwala S, Mitra DK. J Pediatr Surg. 1997 Sep;32(9):1283-6.

467.Post-vasectomy orchitis. Gravesen RG. J Fam Pract. 1997 Sep;45(3):194, 267.

468.Sonographic findings in tuberculous epididymitis and epididymo-orchitis. Chung JJ, Kim MJ, Lee T, Yoo HS, Lee JT. J Clin Ultrasound. 1997 Sep;25(7):390-4.

469.Critical analysis of the clinical presentation of acute scrotum: a 9-year experience at a single institution. Jefferson RH, Perez LM, Joseph DB. J Urol. 1997 Sep;158(3 Pt 2):1198-200.

470.Tubercular epididymitis and orchitis: US patterns. Drudi FM, Laghi A, Iannicelli E, Di Nardo R, Occhiato R, Poggi R, Marchese F. Eur Radiol. 1997;7(7):1076-8.

471.The characterization of testicular cell (TC)-specificT-cell clones induced by intratesticular Listeria monocytogenesinfection: TC-specific T cells with atypical cytokine profile transferorchitis. Matsuzaki G, Sonoda KH, Mukasa A, Yamada H, Nakamura T, Ikebe H, Hamano S, Nomoto K. Immunology. 1997 Aug;91(4):520-8.

472.Perforated colonic carcinoma presenting as epididymo-orchitis and Fournier's gangrene. Gould SW, Banwell P, Glazer G. Eur J Surg Oncol. 1997 Aug;23(4):367-8.

473.A case of adult idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura associated with atypical mumps virus infection. Hayashi K, Kawada E, Shinonome S. Rinsho Ketsueki. 1997 Aug;38(8):696-8. Japanese.

474.Headache and testicular pain. Golledge C. Aust Fam Physician. 1997 Aug;26(8):978.

475.Pathological case of the month. Meconium periorchitis. Fair KP, Cho MH. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 1997 Aug;151(8):853-4.

476.Do men become infertile after having sexually transmitted urethritis? An epidemiologic examination. Ness RB, Markovic N, Carlson CL, Coughlin MT. Fertil Steril. 1997 Aug;68(2):205-13. Review.

477.Hernia repair in elderly patients. Gianetta E, de Cian F, Cuneo S, Friedman D, Vitale B, Marinari G, Baschieri G, Camerini G. Br J Surg. 1997 Jul;84(7):983-5.

478.Common causes of infertility in the bull. Van Camp SD. Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract. 1997 Jul;13(2):203-31. Review.

479.MRI in testicular diagnosis: differentiation of seminoma, teratoma and inflammation using a statistical score. Menzner A, Kujat C, Konig J, Pahl S, Kramann B. Rofo. 1997 Jun;166(6):514-21. German.

480.Epididymo-orchitis and Reiter's disease. Two infrequent complications after intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guerin therapy. Hansen CP, Mortensen S. Scand J Urol Nephrol. 1997 Jun;31(3):317-8.

481.Acute epididymo-orchitis due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Papadakis KA, Sriram PM, Smythe CM. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 1997 Jun;16(6):476-7.

482.Is vasectomy harmful to health?. McDonald SW. Br J Gen Pract. 1997 Jun;47(419):381-6. Review.

483.Recurrent epididymo-orchitis in a child secondary to a stone in the seminal vesicle. Carachi R, Gobara D. Br J Urol. 1997 Jun;79(6):997.

484.Focal orchitis--a diagnostic dilemma. Plas E, Riedl CR, Hubner WA, Knoll M, Ulrich W, Pfluger H. Br J Urol. 1997 Jun;79(6):995-6.

485.The use of the detrusorrhaphy for vesico-ureteric reflux: the way forward?. Steinbrecher HA, Rangecroft L. Br J Urol. 1997 Jun;79(6):971-4.

486.Recent advances in animal models of autoimmune disease. Sakaguchi S. Nippon Rinsho. 1997 Jun;55(6):1377-83. Review. Japanese.

487.Scrotoschisis associated with contralateral meconium periorchitis. Chun K, St-Vil D. J Pediatr Surg. 1997 Jun;32(6):864-6.

488.Interstitial orchitis with impaired steroidogenesis andspermatogenesis in the testes of rabbits infected with an attenuatedstrain of myxoma virus. Fountain S, Holland MK, Hinds LA, Janssens PA, Kerr PJ. J Reprod Fertil. 1997 May;110(1):161-9.

489.Mechanism of infertility in male guinea pigs immunized with sperm PH-20. Tung KS, Primakoff P, Woolman-Gamer L, Myles DG. Biol Reprod. 1997 May;56(5):1133-41.

490.Scrotal pathology as the cause for hip pain. Diagnostic findings on bone scintigraphy. Sheafor DH, Holder LE, Thompson D, Schauwecker DS, Sager GL, McFarland EG. Clin Nucl Med. 1997 May;22(5):287-91. Review.

491.Antigen-presenting function of murine gonadal epithelial cell lines. Housseau F, Rouas-Freiss N, Roy M, Bidart JM, Guillet JG, Bellet D. Cell Immunol. 1997 Apr 10;177(1):93-101.

492.Brucellar orchiepididymitis with abscess. Gonzalez Sanchez FJ, Encinas Gaspar MB, Napal Lecumberri S, Rajab R. Arch Esp Urol. 1997 Apr;50(3):289-92. Review. Spanish.

493.Venting for post-vasectomy orchitis. Reynolds JL. J Fam Pract. 1997 Apr;44(4):329-30.

494.The treatment of inguinal hernias by the tension-free mesh-plug alloplastic technic. Andronescu P, Nanu M. Chirurgia (Bucur). 1997 Mar-Apr;92(2):109-13. Romanian.

495.Does treatment with human chorionic gonadotropin induce reversible changes in undescended testes in boys?. Demirbilek S, Atayurt HF, Celik N, Aydin G. Pediatr Surg Int. 1997;12(8):591-4.

496.Orchitis due to vasculitis in autoimmune diseases. Pannek J, Haupt G. Scand J Rheumatol. 1997;26(3):151-4. Review.

497.The use of color doppler sonography of the acute scrotum in children. Fernandez MS, Dominguez C, Sanguesa C, Reig C, Estornell F, Martinez M, Garcia-Ibarra F. Cir Pediatr. 1997 Jan;10(1):25-8. Spanish.

498.Filaria: a tropical disease as the etiology of acute scrotum. Mussner W, Bosch J, Buhl D, Neuweiler J, Bandhauer K. Urologe A. 1997 Jan;36(1):84-6. German.

499.B-mode and colour-flow duplex ultrasonography: a useful adjunct in diagnosing scrotal diseases?. Hendrikx AJ, Dang CL, Vroegindeweij D, Korte JH. Br J Urol. 1997 Jan;79(1):58-65.

500.Mullerian duct cyst associated with a posteriorly prolapsing verumontanum. Thambi Dorai CR, Couper RT, Smith AJ, Dewan PA. Aust N Z J Surg. 1997 Jan;67(1):63-5.

501.A 3-year-old boy with tuberculous epididymo-orchitis. Mbala L, Ilunga N, Kadinekene K. Trop Doct. 1997 Jan;27(1):50-1.

502.Detection of viral RNA by electron microscopic in situhybridization (ISH-EM) in the germinal epithelium of mice infected withencephalomyocarditis (EMC) virus. Ueno A, Takeda M, Hirasawa K, Itagaki S, Doi K. Exp Anim. 1997 Jan;46(1):79-81.

503.Surgical treatment of testicular trauma: effects on fertility and testicular histology. Shaul DB, Xie HW, Diaz JF, Mahnovski V, Hardy BE. J Pediatr Surg. 1997 Jan;32(1):84-7.

504.Tuberculous orchitis diagnosed by fine needle aspiration cytology. Kumar PV, Owji SM, Khezri AA. Acta Cytol. 1996 Nov-Dec;40(6):1253-6.

505.Chronic fibrinous and necrotic orchitis in a cat. Foster RA, Caswell JL, Rinkardt N. Can Vet J. 1996 Nov;37(11):681-2.

506.Viral genitourinary tract infections--distinctive features and clinical implications. Ohlemeyer CL, Naseer SR. Pediatr Ann. 1996 Oct;25(10):561, 564-70. Review.

507.Ultrasound assessment of testicular and paratesticular masses. Tessler FN, Tublin ME, Rifkin MD. J Clin Ultrasound. 1996 Oct;24(8):423-36. Review.

508.Ultrasound in the assessment of the acute scrotum. Herbener TE. J Clin Ultrasound. 1996 Oct;24(8):405-21. Review.

509.Cystic transformation of the rete testis. Nistal M, Mate A, Paniagua R. Am J Surg Pathol. 1996 Oct;20(10):1231-9. Review.

510.Localization of eight additional genes in the humanmajor histocompatibility complex, including the gene encoding thecasein kinase II beta subunit (CSNK2B). Albertella MR, Jones H, Thomson W, Olavesen MG, Campbell RD. Genomics. 1996 Sep 1;36(2):240-51.

511.Urological emergencies in general practice. Simple test diagnoses or excludes epididymo-orchitis. Murray D. BMJ. 1996 Jul 13;313(7049):112; author reply 112-3.

512.Involvement of Epstein-Barr virus expression in testicular tumors. Shimakage M, Oka T, Shinka T, Kurata A, Sasagawa T, Yutsudo M. J Urol. 1996 Jul;156(1):253-7.

513.Open "tension-free" repair of inguinal hernias: the Lichtenstein technique. Amid PK, Shulman AG, Lichtenstein IL. Eur J Surg. 1996 Jun;162(6):447-53.

514.Acute orchiepididymitis: assessment with high-resolution ultrasonography in 52 cases. Gonzalez Sanchez F, Encinas Gaspar B, Napal Lecumberri S, Vallejo Negro J. Arch Esp Urol. 1996 Jun;49(5):445-51. Spanish.

515.Acute suppurative epididymal orchitis. Pacheco EJ, Jimenez C, Moreno AJ, Carpenter AJ, Nadjem MA. Clin Nucl Med. 1996 Jun;21(6):479-80.

516.Short report: a case of fibrosing mediastinitis caused by Wuchereria bancrofti. Gilbert HM, Hartman BJ. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1996 Jun;54(6):596-9.

517.Epididymo-orchitis: a rare, fatal, intra-abdominal cause. Gould SW. Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 1996 May;78(3 ( Pt 1)):230.

518.Diagnostic imaging of patients with acute scrotal pain. Barloon TJ, Weissman AM, Kahn D. Am Fam Physician. 1996 Apr;53(5):1734-50. Review.

519.A warning in the Risk Registry: acute scrotal-testicular torsion--until something else is detected. No authors listed. Lakartidningen. 1996 Mar 20;93(12):1130. Swedish.

520.Color Doppler sonogrphy in differentiation between testicular torsion and epididymoorchitis: report of three cases. Chou CC, Chen CS, Chu SH, Lai MK. Changgeng Yi Xue Za Zhi. 1996 Mar;19(1):90-4.

521.Isolation of Haemophilus influenzae and Haemophilus parainfluenzae in genitourinary infections: a 4-year review. Vazquez F, Andres MT, Palacio V, Vazquez S, de Lillo A, Fierro JF. Enferm Infecc Microbiol Clin. 1996 Mar;14(3):181-5. Spanish.

522.Evolutive orchiepididymitis or ischemic testis?: that is the question. Martinez de Hurtado J, Errando Smet C, Regalado Pareja RI, Huguet Perez J, Caffaratti J, Garat JM. Actas Urol Esp. 1996 Feb;20(2):182-5. Spanish.

523.Relation between distribution of viral RNA anddevelopment of histopathological changes in encephalomyocarditisvirus-induced orchitis in mice. Ueno A, Takeda M, Hirasawa K, Itagaki S, Doi K. Int J Exp Pathol. 1996 Feb;77(1):25-30.

524.Posterior urethral valves presenting as acute epididymo-orchitis: a case report and follow-up study. Ng JW, Chan AY, Kong CK, Wong MK. Aust N Z J Surg. 1996 Feb;66(2):129-30.

525.T cells, but not thymic exposure to HLA-B27, are required for the inflammatory disease of HLA-B27 transgenic rats. Breban M, Fernandez-Sueiro JL, Richardson JA, Hadavand RR, Maika SD, Hammer RE, Taurog JD. J Immunol. 1996 Jan 15;156(2):794-803.

526.Prospective controlled study comparing laparoscopy and the Shouldice technique in the treatment of unilateral inguinal hernia. Hauters P, Meunier D, Urgyan S, Jouret JC, Janssen P, Nys JM. Ann Chir. 1996;50(9):776-81. French.

527.Epididymo-orchitis in an infant resulting from Escherichia coli urinary tract infection. Hsu CF, Wang CC, Chu CC, Chou TY, Diau GY, Chu ML. Zhonghua Min Guo Xiao Er Ke Yi Xue Hui Za Zhi. 1996 Jan-Feb;37(1):48-51.

528.A study of the efficacy and safety of transurethral needle ablation (TUNA) treatment for benign prostatic hyperplasia. Millard RJ, Harewood LM, Tamaddon K. Neurourol Urodyn. 1996;15(6):619-28; discussion 628-9.

529.Hemorrhagic esophageal papilloma associated with the ingestion of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents. Mastour M, Lefebvre A, Dambron P, Ramdani M, Duhamel O, Gislon J. Gastroenterol Clin Biol. 1996;20(4):406-7. French.

530.Fertility in men after mumps infection without manifestations of orchitis. Preveden T, Jovanovic J, Ristic D. Med Pregl. 1996;49(3-4):99-102. Croatian.

531.Evaluation of acute scrotal pain by color-coded duplex sonography. Schwaibold H, Fobbe F, Klan R, Dieckmann KP. Urol Int. 1996;56(2):96-9.

532.Elucidation of autoimmune disease mechanism based on testicular and ovarian autoimmune disease models. Tung KS. Horm Metab Res. 1995 Dec;27(12):539-43. Review.

533.Seminal vesicle abscess: a case report and review of literature. Pandey P, Peters J, Shingleton WB. Scand J Urol Nephrol. 1995 Dec;29(4):521-4. Review.

534.Murine "sympathetic orchitis" induced by unilateral testicular injury and autoimmune response. Sakamoto Y, Matsumoto T, Mizunoe Y, Kumazawa J. Nippon Hinyokika Gakkai Zasshi. 1995 Dec;86(12):1751-6. Japanese.

535.Torsion of the testis in Africans in Nairobi. Magoha GA. East Afr Med J. 1995 Dec;72(12):758-60.

536.Mode of inflammatory cell infiltration in testes of mice injected with syngeneic testicular germ cells without adjuvant. Itoh M, De-Rooij D, Takeuchi Y. J Anat. 1995 Dec;187 ( Pt 3):671-9.

537.Infrared telethermography in the diagnosis of testicular tumors. Daneliia EV, Gotsadze DT. Urol Nefrol (Mosk). 1995 Nov-Dec;(6):38-40. Russian.

538.Fournier's gangrene: etiology, treatment, and complications. Picramenos D, Deliveliotis C, Macrichoritis K, Alexopoulou K, Kostakopoulos A, Dimopoulos C. Prog Urol. 1995 Nov;5(5):701-5. French.

539.Quantitative Doppler assessment of acute scrotal inflammation. Brown JM, Hammers LW, Barton JW, Holland CK, Scoutt LM, Pellerito JS, Taylor KJ. Radiology. 1995 Nov;197(2):427-31.

540.Acute orchitis in recurrent polyserositis. Moskovitz B, Bolkier M, Nativ O. J Pediatr Surg. 1995 Oct;30(10):1517-8.

541.Complications of mumps in children in light of personal observations. Zarzycka-Chrol E, Smukalska E, Sawilska-Tanska M. Pediatr Pol. 1995 Oct;70(10):841-5. Polish.

542.Male sterility and its association with genital disease and environmental factors. Merino Ruiz MC, De Leon Cervantes MG, Garcia Flores RF. Ginecol Obstet Mex. 1995 Oct;63:427-31. Spanish.

543.Acute epididymoorchitis preceding Escherichia coli septicaemia. Sarma PS, Raghava R. J Assoc Physicians India. 1995 Sep;43(9):643-4.

544.Complications of mumps requiring hospitalization in children. Nussinovitch M, Volovitz B, Varsano I. Eur J Pediatr. 1995 Sep;154(9):732-4.

545.Histopathology of the seminiferous tubules in mice injected with syngeneic testicular germ cells alone. Itoh M, Takeuchi Y, De Rooij D. Arch Androl. 1995 Sep-Oct;35(2):93-103.

546.An overview of acute scrotal pain. Chia SJ, Ganesan N, Foo KT. Ann Acad Med Singapore. 1995 Sep;24(5):720-3.

547.Bilateral fungal epididymo-orchitis with abscess. Lyne JC, Flood HD. Urology. 1995 Sep;46(3):412-4.

548.Effect of age, comorbidity and type of surgery on perioperative complications and mortality of prostatectomy. Ibrahim AI, el-Malik E, Ghali AM, Murad N, Saad M. Br J Urol. 1995 Sep;76(3):341-5.

549.Bacterial infection of the testis leading toautoaggressive immunity triggers apparently opposed responses of alphabeta and gamma delta T cells. Mukasa A, Hiromatsu K, Matsuzaki G, O'Brien R, Born W, Nomoto K. J Immunol. 1995 Aug 15;155(4):2047-56.

550.Melioidosis presenting as epididymo-orchitis. Koh KB. Singapore Med J. 1995 Aug;36(4):446.

551.Effectiveness of long-acting gonadotrophin-releasinghormone agonist treatment in combination with conventional therapy ontesticular outcome in human orchitis/epididymo-orchitis. Vicari E, Mongioi A. Hum Reprod. 1995 Aug;10(8):2072-8.

552.Epididymo-orchitis after cryoablation of prostate for prostate cancer. Fournier G, Indudhara R, Gajendran V, Huang E, Narayan P. J Endourol. 1995 Aug;9(4):349-51.

553.Emphysematous infarction of the testis following epididymo-orchitis. Natarajan V, Burgess NA, Gaches CG, Ball RY. Br J Urol. 1995 Aug;76(2):270-1.

554.Granulomatous orchitis associated with retrograde ejaculation. Stein A. Am J Clin Pathol. 1995 Aug;104(2):232.

555.Candida glabrata epididymo-orchitis: an unusual infection rapidly cured with surgical and antifungal treatment. Jenks P, Brown J, Warnock D, Barnes N. J Infect. 1995 Jul;31(1):71-2.

556.Testicular dysfunction in human immunodeficiency virus-infected men. Poretsky L, Can S, Zumoff B. Metabolism. 1995 Jul;44(7):946-53. Review.

557.Pseudocyst of the testis of a prepubertal horse. Palmer CW, MacDonald DG, Card CE. Can Vet J. 1995 Jul;36(7):432-3.

558.Sympathetic auto-immune orchitis. Suominen JJ. Andrologia. 1995 Jul-Aug;27(4):213-6.

559.Multiple loci govern the bone marrow-derived immunoregulatory mechanism controlling dominant resistance to autoimmune orchitis. Meeker ND, Hickey WF, Korngold R, Hansen WK, Sudweeks JD, Wardell BB, Griffith JS, Teuscher C. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1995 Jun 6;92(12):5684-8.

560.Brucellar orchitis. Report of a series of 16 cases. GuindaSevillano C, Arevalo Velasco JM, Perez Arbej JA, Armaiz Esteban F,Martinez Perez E, Nogueras Gimeno MA, Espuela Orgaz R, Ulla Anes M. Actas Urol Esp. 1995 Jun;19(6):455-8. Spanish.

561.Response to Leydig cell apoptosis in the absence of testicular macrophages. Gaytan F, Bellido C, Morales C, Reymundo C, Aguilar E, van Rooijen N. J Reprod Immunol. 1995 May;29(1):81-94.

562.Urogenital manifestations of Wegener granulomatosis. Huong DL, Papo T, Piette JC, Wechsler B, Bletry O, Richard F, Valcke JC, Godeau P. Medicine (Baltimore). 1995 May;74(3):152-61.

563.A cohort study of the effects of Vietnam service on testicular pathology of U.S. military working dogs. Hayes HM, Tarone RE, Casey HW. Mil Med. 1995 May;160(5):248-55.

564.Testicular localization of systemic diseases. Gillot JM, Brouillard M, Hatron PY, Devulder B. Presse Med. 1995 Apr 8;24(14):691-4. Review. French.

565.Brucellar orchiepididymitis in acute brucellosis. Romero Perez P, Navarro Ibanez V, Amat Cecilia M, Villanueva Garcia R. Actas Urol Esp. 1995 Apr;19(4):330-2. Spanish.

566.Testicular injury induces cell-mediated autoimmune response to testis. Sakamoto Y, Matsumoto T, Mizunoe Y, Haraoka M, Sakumoto M, Kumazawa J. J Urol. 1995 Apr;153(4):1316-20.

567.A case of granulomatous orchitis. Kin S, Onishi H, Hashimura T, Takeuchi H, Yoshida O. Hinyokika Kiyo. 1995 Apr;41(4):309-11. Japanese.

568.Typhoid orchitis. Zafar J, Abbas S, Qayyum A, Ahmed N, Hussain S, Qazi RA. J Pak Med Assoc. 1995 Apr;45(4):106-7.

569.Early development of encephalomyocarditis (EMC) virus-induced orchitis in Syrian hamsters. Shigesato M, Takeda M, Hirasawa K, Itagaki S, Doi K. Vet Pathol. 1995 Mar;32(2):184-6.

570.Epicondylitis after treatment with fluoroquinolone antibiotics. Le Huec JC, Schaeverbeke T, Chauveaux D, Rivel J, Dehais J, Le Rebeller A. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1995 Mar;77(2):293-5.

571.The relationship of postoperativethrombotic-hemorrhagic complications to the local acute inflammatoryprocess in patients with prostatic adenoma. Shabad AL, Rumiantsev VB, Kudriavtsev IuV. Urol Nefrol (Mosk). 1995 Mar-Apr;(2):30-3. Russian.

572.A rare cause of epididymo-orchitis. Sheaff M, Ahsan Z, Badenoch D, Baithun S. Br J Urol. 1995 Feb;75(2):250-1.

573.Effectiveness of crossover transseptal vasoepididymostomy in treating complex obstructive azoospermia. Sabanegh E Jr, Thomas AJ Jr. Fertil Steril. 1995 Feb;63(2):392-5.

574.In vivo dynamic MRI tracking of rat T-cells labeled with superparamagnetic iron-oxide particles. Yeh TC, Zhang W, Ildstad ST, Ho C. Magn Reson Med. 1995 Feb;33(2):200-8.

575.Mechanisms of autoimmune disease in the testis and ovary. Tung KS, Teuscher C. Hum Reprod Update. 1995 Jan;1(1):35-50. Review.

576.Epididymo-orchitis as a complication of brucellosis. Yurdakul T, Sert U, Acar A, Karalezli G, Akcetin Z. Urol Int. 1995;55(3):141-2.

577.Mumps epidemiology--worldwide. Herzog C. Soz Praventivmed. 1995;40(2):93-101. Review. German.

578.Mumps epidemiology in Switzerland: results from the Sentinella surveillance system 1986-1993. Sentinella Work Group. Zimmermann H, Matter HC, Kiener T. Soz Praventivmed. 1995;40(2):80-92. German.

579.Successful interferon-alpha 2 a therapy for a patient with acute mumps orchitis. Ruther U, Stilz S, Rohl E, Nunnensiek C, Rassweiler J, Dorr U, Jipp P. Eur Urol. 1995;27(2):174-6.

580.Animal models of autoimmune endocrine disease and their uses in developing new methods of intervention. Parish NM, Cooke A. Baillieres Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1995 Jan;9(1):175-98. Review.

581.Transurethral laser ablation of the prostate--long-term results. Costello AJ, Lusaya DG, Crowe HR. World J Urol. 1995;13(2):119-22.

582.Isolated testicular vasculitis mimicking a testicular neoplasm. Warfield AT, Lee SJ, Phillips SM, Pall AA. J Clin Pathol. 1994 Dec;47(12):1121-3.

583.Autoimmune-like activity of sperm specific LDH: apathophysiological and electron microscopic study of atrophied testisand epididymis. Gupta GS, Malhotra R. Indian J Biochem Biophys. 1994 Dec;31(6):480-5.

584.Chronological changes in autoantigenicity of autologous testicular germ cells in C3H/He mice during the postnatal period. Soramoto S, Takenaka I, Hiramine C, Hojo K. Nippon Hinyokika Gakkai Zasshi. 1994 Dec;85(12):1763-72. Japanese.

585.Asymptomatic synchronous bilateral granulomatous orchitis--a case report. Okajima E, Cho M, Maruyama Y. Hinyokika Kiyo. 1994 Dec;40(12):1123-6. Review. Japanese.

586.Torsion of the testicle and testicular adnexa in children. Tanski Z, Pogodski E, Gacki T, Jarzabek Z. Wiad Lek. 1994 Nov-Dec;47(21-24):827-30. Polish.

587.Scrotal ultrasound in inflammatory lesions. Granados EA, Marti J, De la Torre P. Actas Urol Esp. 1994 Nov-Dec;18(10):942-4. Spanish.

588.Acute scrotum in children: analysis of 265 consecutive cases. Campobasso P, Donadio P, Spata E, Salano F, Belloli G. Pediatr Med Chir. 1994 Nov-Dec;16(6):521-6. Italian.

589.Epicondylitis induced by fluoroquinolones in athletes. Apropos of 2 cases. Le Huec JC, Schaeverbeke T, Chauveaux D, Moinard M, Rivel J, Le Rebeller A. J Chir (Paris). 1994 Oct;131(10):408-12. French.

590.Haemophilus influenzae epididymo-orchitis and bacteremia in a man infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. Cross JT Jr, Davidson KW, Bradsher RW Jr. Clin Infect Dis. 1994 Oct;19(4):768-9. Review.

591.Induction of spermatogenesis with gonadotrophins in Chinese men with hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism. Kung AW, Zhong YY, Lam KS, Wang C. Int J Androl. 1994 Oct;17(5):241-7.

592.A single dose of morphine sulfate increases the incidence of vomiting after outpatient inguinal surgery in children. Weinstein MS, Nicolson SC, Schreiner MS. Anesthesiology. 1994 Sep;81(3):572-7.

593.Alterations of testicular function after induced autoimmune orchitis in rats. Suescun MO, Calandra RS, Lustig L. J Androl. 1994 Sep-Oct;15(5):442-8.

594.Salmonella enteritidis orchitis in a 10-week-old boy. Berner R, Schumacher RF, Zimmerhackl LB, Frankenschmidt A, Brandis M. Acta Paediatr. 1994 Sep;83(9):992-3.

595.Sepsis, Salmonella and strategy. Hakim A. Acta Paediatr. 1994 Sep;83(9):1005-6.

596.Comparison of PCR with culture for detection ofUreaplasma urealyticum in clinical samples from patients withurogenital infections. Teng K, Li M, Yu W, Li H, Shen D, Liu D. J Clin Microbiol. 1994 Sep;32(9):2232-4.

597.Semen characteristics of Ile-de-France rams of different age and physical condition. Toe F, Lahlou-Kassi A, Mukasa-Mugerwa E. Theriogenology. 1994 Aug 1;42(2):321-6.

598.Varicella orchitis: report of two cases and review of the literature. Liu HC, Tsai TC, Chang PY, Shih BF. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 1994 Aug;13(8):748-50. Review.

599.The incidence of the cremasteric reflex in normal boys. Caesar RE, Kaplan GW. J Urol. 1994 Aug;152(2 Pt 2):779-80.

600.Orchitis: an unusual feature in relapsing polychondritis. Maillefert JF, De Wazieres B, Meignan F. J Rheumatol. 1994 Jul;21(7):1378-9.

601.Epididymo-testicular abscess. Granados Loarca EA, Del Monte GR, Palou Redorta J, Villavicencio Mavrich H. Arch Esp Urol. 1994 Jul-Aug;47(6):553-6. Spanish.

602.US case of the day. Right epididymo-orchitis due to disseminated Blastomyces dermatitidis. Lam WL, Dashefsky SM, Levi CS, MacLennan GT, Quinonez G. Radiographics. 1994 Jul;14(4):931-3.

603.Simultaneous occurrence of transplantationglomerulopathy, malignant Hodgkin lymphoma and lip cancer in a patientunder immunosuppressive treatment. Nemes B, Lazar N, Jaray J. Orv Hetil. 1994 Jun 12;135(24):1309-12. Hungarian.

604.Toxoplasmosis of the bladder: case report and review of the literature. Gluckman GR, Werboff LH. J Urol. 1994 Jun;151(6):1629-30. Review.

605.Meconium periorchitis presenting as scrotal nodules in a five year old boy. Mene M, Rosenberg HK, Ginsberg PC. J Ultrasound Med. 1994 Jun;13(6):491-4.

606.Suppressive effect of cyclosporin A on delayed-type hypersensitivity to syngeneic testicular cells. Sakamoto Y, Matsumoto T, Kumazawa J. J Antibiot (Tokyo). 1994 Jun;47(6):708-14.

607.Genital brucellosis. A rare cause of testicular abscess. Castillo Soria JL, Bravo de Rueda Accinelli C. Arch Esp Urol. 1994 Jun;47(5):533-6. Spanish.

608.Acute experimental and clinical epididymitis. Shabad AL, Chinenyi VL, Kirpatovskii VI, Kudriavtsev IuV. Urol Nefrol (Mosk). 1994 May-Jun;(3):17-20. Russian.

609.Gadolinium-enhanced T1-weighted versus T2-weighted imaging of scrotal disorders: is there an indication for MR imaging?. Muller-Leisse C, Bohndorf K, Stargardt A, Sohn M, Neuerburg J, Adam G, Wein B, Urhahn R, Gunther RW. J Magn Reson Imaging. 1994 May-Jun;4(3):389-95.

610.Urethro-adnexitis in the man and acute urethralsyndrome in the woman. Microbiological and immunologic studies ofetiologic classification. Schiefer HG, Jantos C, Weidner W. Urologe A. 1994 May;33(3):188-95. Review. German.

611.Andrological problems in adolescence. Hadziselimovic F, Herzog B. Ther Umsch. 1994 May;51(5):305-13. Review. German.

612.A murine model of spontaneous aspermatogenesis: linkage to H-2. Robison R, Tung KS, Meeker ND, Monson FG, Teuscher C. J Reprod Immunol. 1994 May;26(3):251-60.

613.Experimental allergic orchitis in mice. VII.Preliminary characterization of the aspermatogenic autoantigensresponsible for eliciting actively and passively induced disease. Teuscher C, Meeker ND, Livingstone KD, Sudweeks JD, Griffith JS, Wardell BB, Hickey WF. J Reprod Immunol. 1994 May;26(3):233-49.

614.Unusual manifestations of salmonellosis--a surgical problem. Lalitha MK, John R. Q J Med. 1994 May;87(5):301-9. Review.

615.Vasectomy and vasectomy reversal. Hendry WF. Br J Urol. 1994 Apr;73(4):337-44. Review.

616.Generation and characterization of a continuous line ofCD8+ suppressively regulatory T lymphocytes which down-regulatesexperimental autoimmune orchitis (EAO) in mice. Mukasa A, Hiramine C, Hojo K. Clin Exp Immunol. 1994 Apr;96(1):138-45.

617.A case of testicular nocardiosis and literature review. Lopez E, Ferrero M, Lumbreras C, Gimeno C, Gonzalez-Pinto I, Palengue E. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 1994 Apr;13(4):310-3. Review.

618.Bancroftian filariasis in Kwale District of Kenya. I. Clinical and parasitological survey in an endemic community. Estambale BB, Simonsen PE, Knight R, Bwayo JJ. Ann Trop Med Parasitol. 1994 Apr;88(2):145-51.

619.Ionizing radiation and autoimmunity. Induction ofautoimmune disease in mice by high dose fractionated total lymphoidirradiation and its prevention by inoculating normal T cells. Sakaguchi N, Miyai K, Sakaguchi S. J Immunol. 1994 Mar 1;152(5):2586-95.

620.Recurrent episodes of acute scrotum with ischemic testicular necrosis in a patient with familial Mediterranean fever. Livneh A, Madgar I, Langevitz P, Zemer D. J Urol. 1994 Feb;151(2):431-2.

621.Ano-rectal malformation and recurring orchioepididymitis in infants. Rubio Cordero JL, Nunez Nunez R, Blesa Sanchez E. Eur J Pediatr Surg. 1994 Feb;4(1):46-8.

622.Scrotal scintigraphy in an infant with yolk sac tumor imitating acute epididymo-orchitis. Hardoff R, Mecz Y, Lurie A, Barzilai M. Clin Nucl Med. 1994 Feb;19(2):150-1.

623.Significance of reversal of diastolic flow in the acute scrotum. Sanders LM, Haber S, Dembner A, Aquino A. J Ultrasound Med. 1994 Feb;13(2):137-9.

624.Brucella orchitis. Roguin A, Ben-Dror G, Hazani E. Harefuah. 1994 Jan 16;126(2):70-1, 111. Hebrew.

625.Etiology of epidemic parotitis. Mihaly I, Kukan E, Gellert M, Gero A, Mandoky F. Orv Hetil. 1994 Jan 2;135(1):3-6. Hungarian.

626.Echography and Doppler color-echo in acute inflammatory and traumatic diseases of the scrotum. Draghi F, Schiavina G, Ferrozzi G, Politi U, Consonni M. Radiol Med (Torino). 1994 Jan-Feb;87(1-2):152-6. Italian.

627.Immunohistological localization of autoantigensdetected by serum autoantibodies from mice with experimental autoimmuneorchitis without using adjuvants. Itoh M, Miki T, Takeuchi Y, Miyake M, De Rooij DG. Arch Androl. 1994 Jan-Feb;32(1):45-52.

628.Coding sequences and levels of expression of Hsc70t are identical in mice with different Orch-1 alleles. Snoek M, Olavesen MG, van Vugt H, Milner CM, Teuscher C, Campbell RD. Immunogenetics. 1994;40(2):159-62.

629.Granulomatous orchitis--an analysis of clinical presentation, pathological anatomic features and possible etiologic factors. Wegner HE, Loy V, Dieckmann KP. Eur Urol. 1994;26(1):56-60. Review.

630.Bacteriologically confirmed cases of ovine epididymo-orchitis caused by Brucella ovis in Sub-Carpathia. Denes B, Glavits R. Acta Vet Hung. 1994;42(1):25-33.

631.Infection of the male reproductive tract. Berger RE. Curr Ther Endocrinol Metab. 1994;5:305-9.

632.Orchitis following mumps vaccination in an adult. Kuczyk MA, Denil J, Thon WF, Djamilian M, Truss M, Schlick R, Jonas U. Urol Int. 1994;53(3):179-80.

633.Suppurative epididymo-orchitis in young "high risk" patients--a new problem?. Parr NJ, Prasad BR, Hayhurst V, McMillan A, Leen CS, Fowler JW. Br J Urol. 1993 Dec;72(6):949-51.

634.Murine experimental autoimmune orchitis (EAO) inducedby syngeneic testicular germ cells (TC) alone: orch